Fundamental principles of the international protection system of intellectual property rights and the applications

Legal principle, which underlies the value of the legal system, is supposed to be the origin and basis of concrete legal rules. It has also resulted from abstracting and summarizing the value and spirit of these legal rules. In light of the universality and hierarchy of legal principle, the principles of the international protection system of intellectual property rights (IPR) can be divided into the following two types: one is the fundamental principles applied to the what, why and how a legal system shall be constructed, such as principles of sovereignty, equality and mutual benefit, joint development, and international cooperation, which also can be expressed as the principles of sovereignty, international coordination and cooperation, fairness and justice. The other type includes those existing in the legal system and capable of being applied directly, such as the principle of national treatment, principle of minimum standard, principle of independence (for industrial property right), principle of independent protection (for copyright), principle of compulsory implementing patent (for patent right) and doctrine of priority (for industrial property right), etc. In my opinion, the principles of the international protection system of IPR shall follow the latter model, indicating that they shall be provided and written in the international conventions on the grounds that they can be applied directly, and that they can be universally applied to the whole international protection system of IPR instead of exclusive application to one certain system. Hereupon, the author believes that principles concerning the international protection system of IPR should include the principles of national treatment, minimum protection standard and public interest.     

追赃制度研究论纲

未经生效裁判确认身份之前,不能称为赃,而只能称为疑脏。在第三人善意取得赃款脏物的情况下,不能向善意第三人追赃,对此,我们应尽快通过立法解决这一问题以保护交易安全。司法实践中,应通过建立标签保管的方法以完善对嫌疑赃物的保管制度。在追缴回来的赃款不及多个受害人损失总额的情况下,应由人民法院依据每个受害人的损失乘以返还比例的方式进行公平的赃款返还。在赃物认领发生争执时,应由争议的受害人就赃物的归属达成协议,否则,应作为无主赃物,上缴国库。     

论植物人的法律人格及权利行使和保护

Although human vegetables lose their capacities of will and do not have the intrinsic attribute of civil subjects, they still have legal personalities and the status of civil subjects. The law has not provided for defects of their legal personalities, and thus civil law shall include human vegetables as objects of guardianship. The system of adult guardianship shall be constructed to supplement and correct the legal personalities of human vegetables. When human vegetables enter into a permanent vegetative state or state of brain death, law may declare the termination of legal personalities of the human vegetable. Due to the unique life state and capacity of act of human vegetables, the exercise of their civil rights faces a series of legal difficulties and challenges, mainly involving important issues such as the right of treatment for life rescue, marital right and reproductive right. The civil law shall ensure that the civil right of human vegetables can be fully enjoyed and effectively protected. Zhang Li, associate professor in civil and business law at Fujian Normal University, and also an invited researcher on civil law, international economic law and international private law, co-operated with Law School of Renmin University of China. Till now, she’s already released 23 theses in law journals and a monograph of the Survey of International Private Law. In addition, she was a member in doing studies (2006) on the legislation of Chinese tort law and presides over the researching (2007) of the legal personality and rights of disabled persons.     

违法所得问题研究

违法所得是指违法所得的一切财物的简称,在诉讼活动中占有重要地位。但是由于立法和理论研究的不足,导致司法实践中违法所得的概念不清、主体不明、数额计算不统一以及程序设计不完善等。因此,有必要对违法所得问题展开实体与程序全方位的研究,完善违法所得的处理机制。     

法律经济学学科构建探析

法律经济学是法学和经济学的一种新的研究方法。法律经济学的发展史也印证了法律经济学是研究方法创新的结果。法律经济学从萌芽、初创、产生到发展,历经两个多世纪的演化,有着丰富的理论和实践研究成果,被冠以不同的称谓、被赋予丰富的内涵。法律经济学的概念具有多元化、动态、法学与经济学相结合的本质特征。     

论社会公共利益

随着社会发展。公共利益的提出是一种必然。目前。公共利益在行政法学界备受关注。也备受争议。其原因是公共利益难以界定。通过公共利益与个人利益的比较。公共利益在行使行政权力过程中的权衡。可知自由裁量的过程就是利益的选择过程。从而得以明确公共利益的位阶。正当法律程序应保障公共利益。而不是偏袒公共利益。公共利益应该受到重视。但是公共利益不能成为侵害个人利益的理由。     

试析国有独资公司董事会建设

当前,国有独资公司董事会建设中存在着董事会职责不全、结构不合理、运作不规范,董事长定位不清,董事个人难以独立行使董事权力,董事会成员专业能力不够等问题。借鉴国际国内经验,加强国有独资公司董事会建设应采取强化董事会的战略决策职责,建立外部董事制度,明确董事的任职条件,健全董事会工作机构等措施。     

关于北京市交通事故处理模式的研究

随着我国经济的迅速发展,民主与法制建设愈加完善,如何以迅速、高效的方式处理交通事故,已经越来越受到社会各界的关注。目前,北京市交通事故处理模式已经显露出很多问题,为了更加适应当今形势发展的需要,应当改革交通事故处理模式,使其在法律、法规的规范下越发完善,进一步维护交通秩序,保证交通安全。     

防范青少年犯罪问题的伦理思考

培养青少年的仁爱心、羞耻心、感恩心、敬畏心,并引导其树立正确的价值观、生死观、幸福观、荣辱观、苦乐观和健康的竞争意识,乃是防范青少年犯罪的治本之道。应采取多种方式和途径,构建防范青少年犯罪的思想道德教育网络,并将生活教育、生命教育、承受挫折教育、道德与审美教育融入整个社会教育体系之中。     

数码照相在刑事技术中的应用

数码照相机有其自身的特点、成像原理和程序。在公安实际中 ,数码照相在刑事技术中的应用主要体现为记录刑事犯罪现场、拍照痕迹物证、保存现场照片、拍照辨认照相、运用红外、紫外成像及制作公安教学或宣传软件等等。