实时荧光定量PCR检测羊肉制品中鼠源性成分

目的建立基于实时荧光PCR技术的肉制品中鼠源性成分的快速检测方法。方法以羊和鼠的细胞色素b基因序列设计特异性引物和Taqman荧光探针,通过特异性、灵敏性及模拟混合肉样检测实验,建立羊肉制品中鼠源性成分实时荧光定量PCR检测方法。结果该检测方法具有良好的特异性和灵敏度,在50mg羊肉和鼠肉的混合样品检测中,鼠源性成分检测限可低至1%。结论所建立的鼠源性成分检测的实时荧光定量PCR方法,为肉制品质量控制提供了有效的技术手段,弥补了利用RTi-PCR检测肉制品中鼠源性成分的技术空白。     

行政越权论

行政越权是行政主体的积极行政行为超越了法定的职权范围的一种行政行为和行政状态的综合体。在上级行政主体是否会超越下级行政主体的行政职权的问题上 ,要注意区分上下级行政主体之间所处的相互关系。在领导关系中 ,上级行政主体行使了下级行政主体的职权 ,不应当构成行政越权 ;而在指导关系中 ,上级行政主体行使了下级行政主体的职权 ,则构成行政越权。对行政越权的救济应当从抽象行政行为越权与具体行政行为越权两个方面进行。对抽象行政行为越权的救济包括权力机关救济和行政机关救济两个方面 ,对具体行政行为越权的救济包括行政救济和司法救济两个方面。     

论正当防卫构成要件的几个问题

正当防卫的构成要件，在我国刑法学界大体上已形成共识，但仍存在一些争议问题正当防卫主观条件中行为人对正当防卫的认识因素问题；正当防卫前提条件中对于不作为犯罪，过失的犯罪，无责任人的侵害、动物的侵袭，以及避险行为损害的防卫问题；正当防卫时间条件中不法侵害行为的开始时间和结束时间的认定问题等，须一一作出阐述。     

Development of a quantitative LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of common propellant powder stabilizers in gunshot residue

In traditional scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis of gunshot residue (GSR), one has to cope more and more frequently with limitations of this technique due to the use of lead-free ammunition or ammunition lacking heavy metals. New methods for the analysis of the organic components of common propellant powder stabilizers were developed based on liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A multiple reactions monitoring scanning method was created for the screening of akardite II, ethylcentralite, diphenylamine, methylcentralite, N-nitrosodiphenylamine, 2-nitrodiphenylamine, and 4-nitrodiphenylamine, present in standards mixtures. Five out of seven of these target compounds can be selectively identified and distinguished from the two others with a high accuracy. Samples from the hands of a shooter were collected by swabbing and underwent solid phase extraction prior to analysis. Detection limits ranging from 5 to 115 mug injected were achieved. Results from several firing trials show that the LC-MS/MS method is suitable for the detection of stabilizers in samples collected following the firing of 9 mm Para ammunitions.