“携带凶器抢夺”适用的思考——刑法第267条第2款释疑

最高人民法院《关于审理抢劫案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》第6条对“携带凶器抢夺”的两种情形明确界定为抢劫罪。但是在司法实践中对“携带凶器抢夺”的适用存在困难和分歧;因此应正确对“携带凶器抢夺”予以定性,并正确适用其构成抢夺罪、抢劫罪、转化型抢劫罪的情形。     

CELO病毒fiber1基因部分片段的原核表达及抗原性鉴定

根据鸡胚致死孤儿(CELO)病毒Phelps株的fiber1基因(GenBank序列号U46933)序列设计了1对引物,采用PCR扩增CELO病毒fiber1基因C端(包含Knobs区)的部分片段,并将其克隆到质粒表达载体pGEX6p1,获得的阳性克隆命名为pGEXAF807。序列分析表明,所获得的DNA片段核苷酸序列与CELO病毒Phelps株的fiber1基因序列完全一致。将pGEXAF807转化大肠埃希氏菌DH5α,经37℃、0.6mmol/LIPTG诱导表达5h,SDSPAGE分析超声裂解后的上清和沉淀。结果显示,目的蛋白以包涵体形式存在,蛋白分子质量约为54.6ku,目的蛋白量占菌体总蛋白的35.7%。用CELO病毒多克隆血清做Westernblotting试验,结果表明目的蛋白具有较好的抗原活性。     

Suicide by Cop Among Officer-Involved Shooting Cases

Abstract: The frequency and characteristics of suicide by cop cases (SBC) among a large (n = 707) nonrandom sample of North American officer-involved shootings (OIS) were investigated. “Suicide by cop” is when a subject engages in behavior which poses an apparent risk of serious injury or death, with the intent to precipitate the use of deadly force by law enforcement against the subject. Thirty-six percent of the OIS in this sample were found to be SBC with high interrater agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.93) for category classification. SBC cases were more likely to result in the death or injury of the subjects than regular OIS cases. Most SBC cases were spontaneous, but had clear verbal and behavioral indicators that occurred prior to, and during the event. Findings confirm the trend detected in earlier research that there was a growing incidence of SBC among OIS. SBC individuals had a high likelihood of possessing a weapon (80%), which was a firearm 60% of the time. Half of those with a firearm discharged it at the police during the encounter. Nineteen percent simulated weapon possession to accomplish their suicidal intent. Other findings highlight the histories and commonalities in this high risk group.     

七种药物对微小牛蜱的半数致死浓度测定

用浸渍法测定了楝素、三氟氯氰菊酯、苦皮藤、高效氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、哒嗪酮、螨净 7种药物对未吸血的微小牛蜱 (Boophilusmicroplus)幼蜱、若蜱、成蜱及其饱血雌蜱的半数致死浓度(LC50 )。结果显示 ,所用药物中半数致死浓度最低的 3种药物是楝素、三氟氯氰菊酯、苦皮藤。植物性杀虫剂楝素对未吸血微小牛蜱的幼蜱、若蜱、成蜱及饱血雌蜱的半数致死浓度分别为3.0 1～ 3.13、4 .37～ 4 .77、11.18～ 11.36、2 75 .5 0～ 2 76 .5 0mg/L ;植物性杀虫剂苦皮藤对未吸血微小牛蜱的幼蜱、若蜱、成蜱及饱血雌蜱的半数致死浓度分别为 4 .2 2～ 4 .4 2、10 .30～ 10 .5 0、82 .5 0～82 .70、6 35 .30～ 6 36 .70mg/L ;人工合成的除虫菊酯类的三氟氯氰菊酯对未吸血微小牛蜱的幼蜱、若蜱、成蜱及饱血雌蜱的半数致死浓度分别为 3.4 2～ 3.4 4、7.10～ 9.0 6、4 2 .30～ 4 2 .5 0、5 45 .5 0～5 46 .70mg/L。     

35例胰腺出血案例死亡原因分析

３５例胰腺出血案例死亡原因分析刘敏，吴家Ｃａｕｓｅｓｏｆｄｅａｔｈｏｆｐａｎｃｒｅａｓｈｅｍｏｒｒｈａｇｅ：３５ａｕｔｏｐｓｙｃａｓｅｓｒｅｐｏｒｔ￥ＬｉｕＭｉｎ；ＷｕＪｉａｗｅｎ（ＤｅｐａｒｍｅｎｔｏｆＦｏｒｅｎｓｉｃＰａｔｈｏｌｏｇｙ，ＷｅｓｔＣ...     

Undiagnosed, untreated acute promyelocytic leukemia presenting as a suspicious sudden death

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myelogenous leukemia frequently associated with clotting abnormalities and severe hemorrhagic diathesis. The disease is associated with a high incidence of early fatal hemorrhage. We report the sudden death of a 40-year-old male without significant medical history in which foul play had been initially suspected. A thorough postmortem investigation performed on the decedent lead to the diagnosis of APL. Cause of death was a cerebellar hematoma. Underlying APL should be considered in the differential diagnosis when unexplained bleeding is encountered in a decedent. This case emphasizes the value of routinely collecting bone marrow during an autopsy to enable accurate testing and diagnosis.     

Petechial Hemorrhages and Ethanol in Deaths from Intoxication

Petechiae in conjunctivae and in the palpebrae/skin of the eyelids are of particular interest for the forensic pathologist, because of their association with pressure on the neck. They have been described in the eyelids of intoxicated persons both in case reports and in text books of forensic pathology. We studied 590 deaths caused by intoxication, and 75 had petechiae either in the conjunctivae, the eyelids, or in both locations. We examined the influence of drugs and ethanol on the location of the petechial hemorrhages in these deaths. Deaths with ethanol in blood and in urine/vitreous humor more often had petechiae in both locations than those without. This association was statistically significant, independent of body position and livor mortis. No association between the location of petechiae, medicinal drugs, or narcotics was found. These results suggest that ethanol may contribute to the development of petechial hemorrhages in deaths from intoxication.     

致命室性快速心律失常心室肌能量的代谢改变与氧化损伤

目的探讨致命室性快速型心律失常(LVTA)能量代谢相关变化及氧化损伤。方法建立以乌头碱(ACO)注射和冠脉结扎(CAL)心肌缺血诱导的LVTA-心脏性猝死(SCD)SD大鼠模型,以过度麻醉(PI)及冠脉结扎心衰致死(CAL-B)为各自对照,检测心室肌线粒体膜电位(MMP)、活性氧(ROS)、丙二醛(MDA)、磷酸肌酸(PCr)及血清肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)含量,并进行比较。结果成功制备ACO-LVTA及CAL-LVTA大鼠14只及6只。与各自的同行对照比较,ACO-LVTA组及CAL-LVTA组心室肌的ROS及MDA呈升高的趋势,PCr呈下降的趋势,其中CAL-LTVA的MDA显著高于其同行对照(P0.05)。ACO-LVTA组心室肌的MMP低于对照组,但高于CAL处理的两组。CAL-LVTA组血清cTnI高于对照组,且显著高于ACO-LVTA组及其对照与处理前(P0.01),ACO-LVTA组血清cTnI高于对照组与处理前。心肌ROS水平与VT及VF持续时间相关(P0.05),相关系数分别为0.44、0.46。结论发生LVTA后,心室肌MMP及PCr下降、ROS、MDA升高,血清cTnI升高,表明LVTA可导致能量代谢改变及氧化损伤,可能与线粒体功能异常相关。     

颅内出血患者血清IL-6、TNF-α变化在法医临床鉴定中的意义

目的探讨颅内出血患者血清IL-6、TNF-α的水平变化及在法医学的临床意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对颅内出血患者住院后不同时间段血清IL-6、TNF-α水平进行检测,并与正常对照组的健康受试者进行比较分析。结果研究组重型与轻型患者后第1、3、5、7天血清IL-6、TNF-α水平较正常对照组明显增加,重型患者入院第5、7天的血清IL-6、TNF-α较轻型患者明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);根据患者最后结果(死亡组和存活组),发现死亡组随着时间延长,在第5、7天时IL-6、TNF-α水平显著高于存活组(P0.05)。此外,血清IL-6和TNF-α水平呈正性显著相关(r=0.721,P0.05)。结论检测颅内出血患者血清IL-6、TNF-α水平对观察其病情变化有重要意义,可作为法医学鉴定的辅助手段。     

Dr. Death? Professionalism,Virtue, and U.S. Physician Participation in the Death Penalty

In the United States at present, the death penalty is a possible sentence in 31 out of 50 states, as well as within the military and for federal cases. In the U.S., numbers of executions are declining, in part due to moratoriums in place and challenges to execution by lethal injection. Participation by physicians in lethal injection executions has been steadfastly viewed by professional medical organizations as contrary to their ethical standards. However, physicians have participated in lethal injection executions, and the morality of the death penalty itself is a matter of intense social and political debate. Medical ethics commentators and professional organizations have typically held that the prohibition on physician participation in the death penalty is independent of the ethical status of the death penalty itself. This article argues that this view is untenable, and that it is tied to a view of professional role virtue that is similarly untenable. At the same time, it argues that, given the morally uncertain status of the death penalty, it is plausible that virtuous physicians may either refuse or choose to participate in some aspects of the death penalty.