Fundamental principles of the international protection system of intellectual property rights and the applications

Legal principle, which underlies the value of the legal system, is supposed to be the origin and basis of concrete legal rules. It has also resulted from abstracting and summarizing the value and spirit of these legal rules. In light of the universality and hierarchy of legal principle, the principles of the international protection system of intellectual property rights (IPR) can be divided into the following two types: one is the fundamental principles applied to the what, why and how a legal system shall be constructed, such as principles of sovereignty, equality and mutual benefit, joint development, and international cooperation, which also can be expressed as the principles of sovereignty, international coordination and cooperation, fairness and justice. The other type includes those existing in the legal system and capable of being applied directly, such as the principle of national treatment, principle of minimum standard, principle of independence (for industrial property right), principle of independent protection (for copyright), principle of compulsory implementing patent (for patent right) and doctrine of priority (for industrial property right), etc. In my opinion, the principles of the international protection system of IPR shall follow the latter model, indicating that they shall be provided and written in the international conventions on the grounds that they can be applied directly, and that they can be universally applied to the whole international protection system of IPR instead of exclusive application to one certain system. Hereupon, the author believes that principles concerning the international protection system of IPR should include the principles of national treatment, minimum protection standard and public interest.     

委托理财协议中的保底条款效力之追问

保底条款是委托理财协议中最重要的条款,它不仅决定了这种投资方式的存在与否,同时亦是委托理财失败诉争时当事双方相持不下的根本原因。对于该条款的效力认定,目前的法律与司法实践并没有提供能真正能起到指导与评价作用的答案。因此,从合同的私法性、社会法性及保底条款与其它条款的勾连角度来追问保底条款的效力问题是合理与适法判决的关键所在。     

浅谈远程活体指纹信息登记查询工作站

远程活体指纹信息登记查询工作站是指纹自动识别网络系统的一个重要组成部分,连接着各级远程指纹工作站和违法犯罪人员的信息系统,是集信息采集、数据共享、远程传输和查询比对等多功能一体化的一种网络产品。使用该工作站可以大大提高基层公安机关采集指纹信息工作效率。     

论扒窃案件侦查对策

扒窃案件是盗窃案件的一种特殊形式,属于多发案件。由于扒窃案件发案数多,破案率低,严重侵犯了广大人民群众的财产安全,破坏了社会治安秩序,影响了社会稳定。扒窃案件的侦查对策根据侦查模式的主动或被动程度不同,分为现行扒窃案件侦查和既遂扒窃案件侦查。对现行扒窃案件的侦查主要是通过识别、跟踪、控制和抓获等侦查过程来破获扒窃案件;对既遂扒窃案件的侦查对策主要有:询问受害人;对发案现场进行调查和搜索;查找犯罪情报资料;查看监控录像;使用特情;抓获现行作案扒窃分子;查找控制赃物;联合专案。     

中国未曾与机械论思维方式结缘

中国未曾盛行过机械论的思想方式并不是值得庆幸的一件事,它使中国与近代科学失之交臂,也使中国的传统思维在向现代思维转换的过程中显得步履维艰。本文从思维方式和物质生活条件两方面探讨了中国何以未曾与机械论思维方式结缘的原因。     

480例活体损伤的法医学鉴定分析

目的分析活体损伤的特征,探讨其损伤类型与损伤程度的关系,以及法医学鉴定的有关问题。方法随机抽取1998-2001年间活体损伤的鉴定资料,对伤者的损伤及其法医学鉴定进行回顾性分析。结果男性伤者居多;多发伤高于任何单一部位损伤;致伤方式以钝器致伤为主;重伤以颅内血肿和腹腔脏器破裂最多,轻伤以四肢骨折居首。结论损伤程度与损伤部位及类型有一定的关系。     

论有限责任公司资本最低限额制度

公司资本制度是公司法当中重要的制度之一,公司资本无论对公司自身或他人均具有重要的意义。大陆法系国家及我国公司立法对公司资本均规定了最低限额。但公司资本的重要性并不意味着必须对公司资本作出最低限额之规定。该规定无论对公司的经营还是对债权人保护,并无太大的价值和意义。因此,《公司法》应当取消这一限定。     

历史中的情势与偶然——马克思基于唯物史观的政治哲学探讨

《1848年至1850年的法兰西阶级斗争》和《路易·波拿巴的雾月十八日》不仅被阐释为政治学著作和历史学著作,而且是马克思把唯物史观的一般规律具体化到政治哲学领域中的典范之作,特别是其对当时法国政治事件中"活生生的时事"的内涵和外在表现深入细致地剖析,是实现了唯物史观的基本理论与社会现实之政治事件相统一的哲学著作.对这两...     

试析我国的水生生物资源养护法律体系

我国已经形成了一个由宪法、法律、法规以及其他规范性法律文件组成的多层次、多角度水生生物资源养护的法律体系,但尚存在诸多缺陷和不足.对我国水生生物资源法律体系存在的缺陷和不足进行初步剖析,并就我国水生生物资源法律体系的构建提出完善建议.     

How Do Developers Respond to Land Use Regulations? An Analysis of New Housing in Los Angeles

There is strong evidence that land use regulations constrain housing production. We know less about how real estate developers respond to specific zoning provisions. I compare the characteristics of new multifamily housing with baseline land use regulations in two sets of rail station areas in Los Angeles. I supplement this building-scale analysis with expert interviews. I find that developers were most sensitive to density restrictions and parking requirements. The average development in the Vermont/Western area had 112% of the maximum allowable residential density and 94% of the minimum required parking. Koreatown’s average development had 99% of the maximum density and 88% of the required parking. But, there was variation by area and whether a building was affordable or market rate, apartment or condominium, and by development size. Additionally, regulatory implementation can matter as much as the written regulations themselves. I recommend that cities take an evidence-based approach to reforming regulations and implementation processes.