解释学与荣格心理分析

分析心理学在许多方面方都受到了实在论的困扰，而解释学的方法却克服了这个困难。如荣格虽不是一个实在论者，但他仍不能超越他那个时代世界观的影响，认为自己理论的主要概念是不依赖人类解释过程的实体。因此，分析心理学一直未能摆脱实在论本身的问题，而这些又恰恰制约了分析心理学临床应用。解释学从分析心理学获得启发，如果分析心理学与后现代主义的若干要素的相融合，将能使我们更好地理解性别、神话和欲望的实质。同时通过对深度心理学的普遍性问题的研究，大幅度地推进我们关于人的成长和人类解释过程的认识。     

Feminism Means Business: Business Feminism,Sisterhood and Visibility

ABSTRACT

By interviewing self-proclaimed feminists with small-scale businesses who sell feminist commodities, the aim of this article is to understand why and how the market has become an arena for doing feminism and what this can tell us about contemporary feminism. Using theories of postfeminism and popular feminism in combination with Lacanian discourse theory, the analysis shows that feminism is renegotiated into ownership by reshaping the feminist discourse of sisterhood into business support and advice. Furthermore, competition is reshaped into a positive value of expanding the feminist community, and making profit is reshaped into a feminist discourse of equal pay. Business feminism produces an individual, visible, affluent and entrepreneurial feminist subject who does not challenge economic structures or ownership conditions.     

精神分析之焦虑理论与预防犯罪心理形成

弗氏父女的焦虑理论和自我防御机制理论不仅揭示了人类精神领域深层的奥秘,也为我们审视犯罪心理的形成提供了一种独特的视角,同时还为我们预防犯罪心理形成提供了应对之策。长期焦虑或高度焦虑会使人心理失衡,严重者出现精神疾患,更为严重者则可能以犯罪行为作为终结。面对焦虑,个体只有摒弃消极的应对方式,动用积极健康的自我防御方式,才能使自己走出焦虑的心理泥沼,同时也使自己远离犯罪。     

当代精神分析的新发展——精神分析与诠释学的融合

精神分析自创立之始,就与诠释学有着密切的关系,发展到当代,更是出现了两者的融合,即形成了作为一种共同取向的诠释学精神分析。尽管诠释学精神分析目前还没有完全统一的体系和理论,但在核心概念、理论模式和基本观点等方面达成某些共识,已初露学派端倪。诠释学精神分析学家把精神分析视为诠释学的一种形式,主张精神分析不处理那些可以说明的事实,而是处理那些只有通过理解才可以得到的意义。他们把患者的梦、联想、动作倒错等看做是其创作的"文本",借助解释寻求意义,以此达成对患者的治疗。     

精神分析与公共行政:从弗洛伊德到戴蒙德

在传统公共行政学的组织理论中,一个基本的理论前提就是假设人类的行为是理性的,因而对组织的研究总是局限于研究基于人类理性所产生的规范和制度。自弗洛伊德创立精神分析方法以来,很多学者开始运用这一方法来解释组织的行为,创立了精神分析的组织理论,戴蒙德就是著名的代表。精神分析方法在组织理论研究中的运用,拓宽了公共行政研究的视野和思路,但由于其过于强调人类行为的非理性,使得对组织的研究又容易陷入不可知的状态。     

精神分析的诠释学体现

弗洛伊德及其之后的许多精神分析学家与精神分析流派都直接或间接地受到了不同时期诠释学的影响,例如,弗洛伊德、荣格、霍妮和宾斯万格几位比较有代表性的精神分析学家,从诠释学特征方面对他们的理论进行探讨。作为精神分析创立者的弗洛伊德,无论是在理论探讨上,还是在案例治疗上,都践行着诠释学方法;荣格把人类的心理看做一个有价值的文本进行意义和价值的关注和解读;霍妮把被分析者所处的整个文化背景作为精神分析的内容或重要参考的做法,反映了狄尔泰的诠释学思想;宾斯万格的"存在分析"概念则体现了海德格尔此在诠释学对他的深远影响。     

Autonomy and Psychic Socialization: From Non-Alienated Labour to Non Surplus Repressive Sublimation

Abstract

The work of Herbert Marcuse, unlike that of certain of his col leagues at the Institut für Sozialforschung, is most often maligned as being excessively positive and identitarian. His work on Freud, for example, is criticized for being grounded in a crude biological determinism which points towards an ultimate reconciliation of both psychic and social conflict. This essay will attempt to counter such readings by critically juxtaposing Marcuse's concept of non-repressive sublimation with Cornelius Castoriadis's understanding of psychic socialization. It will be suggested that the affinities between Marcuse and Castoriadis's appropriations of Freudian metapsychology reveals the degree to which the former can be read as a radical democratic thinker affirming the values of autonomy and creativity. This reading demonstrates that Marcuse has much to contribute to contemporary debates on the role of the aesthetic and the sensuous in democratic theory.     

Psychoanalysis and development: contributions,examples, limits

This article examines the contributions of psychoanalysis to international development, illustrating ways in which thinking and practice in this field are psychoanalytically structured. Drawing on the work of Lacan and ?i?ek, the article will emphasise three key points: (1) psychoanalysis can help uncover the unconscious of development – its gaps, dislocations, blind spots – thereby elucidating the latter’s contradictory and seemingly ‘irrational’ practices; (2) the important psychoanalytic notion of jouissance (enjoyment) can help explain why development discourse endures, that is, why it has such sustained appeal, and why we continue to invest in it despite its many problems; and (3) psychoanalysis can serve as an important tool for ideology critique, helping to expose the socioeconomic contradictions and antagonisms that development persistently disavows (eg inequality, domination, sweatshop labour). But while partial to Lacan and ?i?ek, the article will also reflect on the limits of psychoanalysis – the extent to which it is gendered and, given its Western origins, universalisable.     

儿童精神分析学的主要方法及其应用

儿童精神分析的出现被视为是精神分析"新范式的开始".儿童精神分析学的方法主要来自并运用于临床实践与临床发现,迥异于学院心理学的方法,有其自身的特色与优势.其方法主要包括两个方面,一是研究方法,二是治疗方法.儿童精神分析学最主要的方法包括重构法、观察法、实验法、测验法以及游戏疗法.纵观儿童精神分析学的主要方法,我们会发现它们与发展心理学的研究方法有某些共同之处,但发展心理学则更多地是进行标准化研究和对发展过程的详细描绘,而儿童精神分析学者更多研究心理发展动力与潜意识的影响.二者在研究结果与研究内容方面出现了逐渐融合的趋势,越来越多的儿童精神分析学的研究主题,如母婴关系、自我功能、自我发展、分离与剥夺、受挫与攻击性等逐渐纳入发展心理学的视野.     

Psychological Aspects of Property and Ownership

Although property lawyers and theorists were always interested in the legal doctrinal construction of property rights and in political, moral, or economic justifications of property rights through the course of history, they very rarely looked into possible psychological roots of property rights and the powers they entail. Similarly, psychologists (whether with a focus on individual or social psychology) provide models for the explanation of a person’s behaviour and the social interactions of humans, but they rarely touch upon property rights at all, and if so, only in brief passing comments. The one extensive study on the social psychology of property appeared 75 years ago. This paper looks into modern research of individual and social psychology and assesses whether some of the findings can be used to explain a psychological basis for the existence and importance of property rights. That may also be a starting point for a modern interdisciplinary study in this area.