抵押预告登记优先受偿效力的解释论

作为预告登记的一个子类型,按照法教义学的逻辑推演,抵押预告登记并不产生优先受偿效力。但该制度的创设目的在于满足商品房预售交易中当事人的担保需求,若抵押预告登记权利人最终无法实现优先受偿权,这一制度将难以发挥其应有的作用,最终沦为具文。当符合已办理建筑物所有权首次登记且预告登记未失效等条件时,抵押预告登记转本登记的实质条件已满足,允许抵押预告登记权利人直接行使优先受偿权并不违反物权法基本原理。虽然《民法典担保制度解释》最终未对强制执行程序中抵押预告登记的效力作出规定,但不妨碍预告登记权利人依照该司法解释第52条第1款的规定行使优先受偿权。在破产程序中,抵押预告登记权利人行使优先受偿权无须以已办理建筑物所有权首次登记为前提,优先受偿的范围也不应限制在人民法院受理破产申请时抵押财产的价值范围内。     

房地产抵押登记制度若干问题探讨

我国房地产抵押登记制度原则上应采取登记生效主义,但在某些特殊情况下也应承认未完成登记的房地产抵押权的效力。我国现行抵押登记制度的具体实施也存在一定的缺陷,应统一房地产登记机关,简化登记程序,同时在延长登记请求权的诉讼时效和增加登记请求权的内容两方面完善不动产抵押登记请求权制度。     

证券商市场准入制度比较研究

证券商市场准入制度是证券法的主要制度之一 ,世界各国有关证券市场准入的程序要件、实体要件以及证券商的形态制度等方面的法律规定是有差异的。我国证券商的市场准入制度与美、日等发达国家的相关制度相比更是有一定的差距 ,借鉴这些国家的成功经验 ,完善我国证券商的市场准入制度是推动证券市场健康发展的基本条件。     

《著作权法》第三次修改的重要内容及价值考量

将于2021年6月1日正式开始实施的著作权法修改决定,对我国的著作权法律制度作了重大完善,修改的主要内容包括:一是完善相关概念和制度,包括完善作品的定义和类型,明确视听作品的权利归属,廓清广播权的内涵,修改合理使用的相关内容,增加职务表演制度等;二是强化对著作权人的保护,包括增加惩罚性赔偿制度,提高法定赔偿额,加大对严重侵权行为的行政处罚力度等;三是解决权利人维权难题,包括增加作品登记制度,增加文书提交令制度,实行举证责任倒置,完善诉前保护制度,完善著作权集体管理制度等;四是全面履行国际条约义务,包括延长摄影作品的保护期,完善残疾人合理使用的规则,增加表演者对其表演的出租权,增加录音制作者的广播和机械表演获酬权等。     

Applying behavioural science to the annual electoral canvass in England: Evidence from a large-scale randomised controlled trial

Local authorities in Great Britain are required to ensure that their electoral registers are as accurate and complete as possible. To this end, Household Enquiry Forms (HEFs) are mailed to all properties annually to collect updated details from residents, and any eligible unregistered residents will subsequently be invited to register to vote. Unfortunately, HEF nonresponse is pervasive and costly. Using insights from behavioural science, we modified letters and envelopes posted to households as part of the annual canvass, and evaluated their effects using a randomised controlled trial across two local authorities in England (N=226,528 properties). We find that modified materials – particularly redesigned envelopes – significantly increase initial response rates and savings. However, we find no effects on voter registration. While certain behavioural interventions can improve the efficiency of the annual canvass, other approaches or interventions may be needed to increase voter registration rates and update voter information.     

不动产登记机构的改革

物权法规定不动产物权实行统一登记,而不动产登记机构的改革以及改革期间的过渡尚待明确.未来的不动产统一登记机构不论为行政还是司法性质的机构,都应定位为中立的专门机构.在专门机构成立之前,应设计一个合理的不动产登记过渡方案,实现由多头登记到统一登记的改革.     

论动产抵押权的公示方式

动产抵押权公示方式的选择对动产抵押权制度的完善具有十分重要的意义。从占有公示方式、登记公示方式、各国动产抵押权立法实践、与善意取得制度协调等不同视角分别考察动产抵押权的公示方式的选择有助于得出正确的结论;动产抵押权的公示方式的最佳选择是登记与占有公示方式的结合;占有的功能在于使抵押权在交易过程中呈现出可识别的特征,满足动产交易要求;登记的功能应当是确定抵押权是否具有对抗一般债务人与其他抵押权人的效力。     

Hukou and land: market reform and rural displacement in China

Scholarship about the Chinese hukou (household registration) system has focused on the advantages and entitlements associated with urban hukou. This paper shifts attention to the key entitlement provided by rural hukou – village land. While early hukou reforms were mainly designed to open up urban labor markets to rural migrants, recent reforms have also begun to open up rural land markets, by replacing hukou-based land rights with market-based rights. These reforms are designed to facilitate land concentration and the transfer of land to outside developers and agribusiness companies, which has been hindered by hukou-based land rights. Underlying the reforms is the government's agenda of promoting large-scale agriculture and urbanization, both of which require the removal of a large portion of the rural population from the land. By focusing on land rights rather than urban benefits, this paper provides a new perspective on the evolution of the hukou system, and highlights the negative implications of recent reforms for livelihood security in the countryside.     

《登记公约》实施中的若干法律问题研究

1976年《登记公约》确定了发射国对其发射的空闯物体的登记义务,从而建立了空间物体的强制登记制度.随着空间科学的进步和空间活动商业化的发展,《登记公约》在实施过程中逐渐暴露出缔约国数量偏少、未登记空间物体数量较多、登记信息不统一等缺陷,严重影响了其实施的效果.因此,应当在适当的时机对公约加以修订,完善公约的内容,以使其适应空间活动的现状.     

预告登记制度比较考察

作为一项重要的物权制度,预告登记起源于中世纪之普鲁士法,其旨在保全以不动产物权变动为目的的债权请求权,赋予该请求权物权的排他效力.该制度为德国、日本、瑞士等国家法律所继受.试图以这些国家的预告登记制度作为比较研究的对象,全面揭示预告登记的范围、性质、效力及构成要件等问题,并就此提出构建我国预告登记制度的一些建议.