Defenders of Freedom or Perpetrators and Facilitators of Crimes? Beyond Progressive Retreatism in the Trump Era

ABSTRACT

Heavily influenced by broad definitions of crime developed by a few pioneering critical criminologists, the main objective of this article is to provide evidence showing that the current Trump administration is a regime that commits crimes of the powerful and facilitates some types of interpersonal violence in private places. Special attention is devoted to direct and in-direct state-perpetrated violent crimes against women.     

Peace Pedagogy and Interpretative Frameworks of Distrust: State–Society Relations in the Colombian Peace Process

The Havana Peace Accords of 2016 sought to end five decades of internal conflict in Colombia. As well as disarming the FARC, they promise to bring state institutions to abandoned regions and enable citizen participation. However, there is an obstacle to this which has consistently been overlooked by Juan Manuel Santos' government: a chronic distrust in the state dating back to colonialism. This article draws on ethnographic research with the Colombian government's ‘peace pedagogy’ team, tasked innovatively with educating citizens about the Havana Accords and incorporating them in the co-production of peace. It shows that citizens' learning about state policies, and reception of state efforts to shape that learning, are filtered through pre-existing perceptions of the state: in Colombia, interpretative frameworks of distrust. This ethnography illuminates state–society relations in the Colombian peace process, offering implications for ongoing implementation of the Accords, and posing questions for other countries in transition, arguing that historically-constituted perceptions of the state should be taken into account when communicating government policies to society.     

A New Nationalism for a New Era: The Political Ideology of Mexican Neoliberalism

The structural economic reforms justified by neoliberal ideas that transformed Mexico's statist political economy in the 1980s posed a direct challenge to the nationalism inherited from the revolutionary era that had long served to legitimise the interventions of the social state. This article examines the strategy adopted by the administration of President Carlos Salinas de Gortari (1988–1994) to reconcile the rival ambitions of neoliberalism and nationalism and its reasons for doing so. It does so by examining ideas concerning the state, society and the individual found in writing and speeches published in political organs and the press during this period.     

刑法中的国家工作人员之立法与司法解释评析

刑法中的国家工作人员的界定是长期困扰刑法理论界和司法部门的一个难题。国家立法机关和最高司法机关虽对其作过多次立法解释和司法解释,但却仍然存在内涵不清、外延不明,难予认定的问题。为此,本文对历次刑事立法和司法解释中关于国家工作人员的解释之得失进行了回顾、比较与评析,旨在为准确理解和把握本概念提供有益的思路。     

从“人可非人”到“非人可人”:民事主体制度与理念的历史变迁——对法律“人”的一种解析

从“自然人的完满”、“团体的人化”、“自然人生命的延展”、“类存在的扩充”等方面论证了民事主体制度和理念正经历了一个从“人可非人”到“非人可人”的发展历程 ,并指出了此过程背后的原因。     

权利能力制度的理想与现实——人法的英特纳雄耐尔之路

本文在比较中研究了罗马法和现代民法中的能力制度,得出了前者以自由为基础,后者以平等为基础的结论,进而论证了现代权利能力制度的平等理念遇到的重重挑战,尤其揭示了这一制度的全球化理念的充分展开带来的民法消亡命运。通过展示古今立法者对权利能力制度的不平等运用,特别地反驳了权利能力人人平等的谬见,得出了这种不平等为社会治理所必要的结论。     

国家社会化进程中检察机关的历史重任

国家社会化态势在中国呈现得迅猛而广泛,涉及到社会生活的各个层面,其动力来自于市场经济的发展、政府职能的转变和社会力量的迅速壮大。当下中国面临的突出问题,是经济快速发展所引起的国家与社会的不适应症,表现出明显的管理失控、立法滞后、运行失序等症状。在此进程中,检察机关理应承担更为艰巨的历史重任,用法律监督填充国家社会化留下的监管真空,拓展监督范围以适应社会的需要,不能重国家而轻社会。     

Juvenile Criminality And Semi-Criminality: Learning From Victorian Perceptions And Responses

This article focuses on media reportage of offensive juveniles, past and present, to elicit lessons that the twenty-first century can learn from the Victorian past in terms of diversionary responses. How to prevent vulnerable juveniles sliding into dangerous criminality is a continuing preoccupation: the issue explored in this article relates to the creation of the identity of the criminal juvenile. In utilising the concept of semi-criminality to label certain types of juvenile anti-social behaviour the Victorians avoided actual criminalisation of socially offensive but, in legal terms, minor behaviours. The reasons for and negative consequences of the abandonment of this concept by the modern age are explored, including the reconceptualisation of where responsibility for juvenile offending lies in the modern era.     

请求权性质之我见

请求权是民事权利体系的重要组成部分,然而自请求权概念产生之日起,对请求权性质的认识就众说纷纭,莫衷一是。大体可以归纳为权能说、救济说和债权说三种学说。权能说和救济说分别从请求权的渊源和历史角度定位,有一定的合理性,但并没有触及请求权性质。请求权与债权具有性质上的同一性,属于相对性结构的权利,这是请求权的性质所在。     

民事行为能力制度的反思与重构

有关民事行为能力制度,我国采取德国法的三级制,除此种立法例之外,还有日本、法国民法所采用的两级制。三级制的立法存在种种缺陷:不能给予民事行为能力欠缺者合理的保护;缺乏对这一群体意思自治的尊重;阻碍了法律行为的生效和交易效率。因此,建议我国民法典采用日本、法国的两级制,并完善相关的配套制度。