行政协助的法律定位与控制

行政协助制度是行政程序法上的一个重要制度,但对这一制度的研究在我国却显得相对落后。随着行政职权的有限性和专业化与管理事项日益复杂化之间矛盾的不断加深,建立行政协助制度已成为解决现行管理体制弊端的必然要求。本文从对行政协助的法律定位入手,界定了行政协助的涵义、特征及与相似概念的区别,在此基础上进一步提出了从程序和责任两个方面对行政协助进行有效的法律控制。     

环境保护信托--环保资本运营的新亮点

环保信托是环保资本运营的新亮点。将环保与信托两者有机地结合起来,环保市场可以得到信托业的大力支持和严格规范,从而保证其良性发展。这主要因为信托具有提高环保资本运营效率的功能。环保信托的创设主要是利用信托的增值功能、保全功能、融资功能和避税功能。     

Democracy,children, and the environment: a case for commons trusts

This essay argues that our unsustainable degradation of the natural environment violates fundamental, democratic obligations to children. I argue, first, that obligations to children are clearer and more determinate than obligations to future generations. I then argue that our democratic obligations to children alone, which can be derived from a theoretically modest, procedural conception of democracy, demand substantial institutional reforms. Finally, I propose that commons trusts – which have received very little attention in the theoretical literature – are the best way of meeting these obligations.     

A Normative Approach to the Quistclose Trust

This is the first article to undertake a sustained analysis of normative justifications for the Quistclose trust. Whilst much of the existing writing on this topic has focused on the better classification of such trusts – for instance, whether they are express, resulting, constructive or sui generis – this article asks why the law should recognise a trust in addition to any underlying legal relationship. Four key justifications are addressed, based on respecting party intention, unconscionability, fairness, and the incentivisation of desirable transactions. It will be argued that: (i) there are difficulties with each of these justifications, although an intention‐focused explanation is probably the most convincing; and (ii) the existing law and commentary lacks coherence and consistency, as seen in the mismatch between normative and doctrinal analysis, and the failure to properly address the ramifications of the Quistclose trust during insolvency.     

预防腐败:财产申报与强制性盲目信托制度相结合——以美国和台湾地区的实践为借鉴

政府公职人员以权谋私、贪污腐败是长期以来难以彻底解决的世界性难题。美国主要通过《政府行为准则法》建立了政府公职人员财产申报与盲目信托相结合的制度,预防公职人员的腐败;我国台湾地区也仿效推行官员强制信托制度,二者各有利弊。在我国设立财产申报与强制性盲目信托相结合的反腐败预防性法律机制完全可行,因为无论从物权法、侵权法还是信托法的角度来看,盲目信托在我国的推行都没有法律障碍。推行盲目信托制度作为一种事先预防机制,虽然一开始可能会增加部分监管成本,但是将其制度化之后,总体成本应该比事后监管要低。具体可由政府成立专门的机构制定细则,明确需要设立盲目信托的公职人员范围,确定受托人资质,由其对公职人员的财产进行投资和管理,并通过加强监管来弥补美国盲目信托制度中出现的漏洞。     

衡平法、用益与信托:英国信托法的早期史概说

英美信托制源自用益制。在用益和信托的早期史上,大法官法院基于拯救受托人的良心的衡平管辖权赋予了用益和信托以法律上的保障,而衡平法从"良心到衡平"的变化通过塑造衡平权益使得信托得以制度化。     

“黑哨”行为不能以犯罪论处

"黑哨"行为不仅备受足球运动领域有关人士的关注,而且,在法学界亦为百家争鸣.为数不少的学者认为,黑哨行为已构成受贿罪或公司、企业人员受贿罪.对于黑哨行为,本文作者认为不能以犯罪论处.对于前者(受贿罪),作者从黑哨裁判员的独特身份及明确中国足协的性质,黑哨裁判员与中国足协之间的关系以及足球裁判员受足协之托裁决比赛的行为等角度出发,否定了黑哨裁判员的受贿罪的主体资格.而对于后者(公司、企业人员受贿罪)作者则认为足球裁判员是履行其与中国足协所签订的合同关系.因而不符合犯罪构成的主体要件.     

Trusting in Trust(s): TheFamily Home and Human Rights

In July 2002, the U.K. Law Commission published its Discussion Paper No.287 on home-sharing. The conclusion drawn by the Law Commission was that it would not be possible to devise a statutory scheme for the resolution of family property disputes which is both workable and flexible enough to deal with the wide range of personal relationships that exist. It further took the view that, with appropriate changes to the way in which trusts principles are currently interpreted and applied by the courts, these trusts principles are sufficiently flexible and coherent to deal with the question of ascertaining and quantifying property rights over the family home. The aim of this paper is to examine the implications of these particular conclusions drawn by the Law Commission for both the law of trusts and the resolution of family property disputes between cohabitants. In particular, the paper will consider the extent to which trusts law remains a workable and desirable option and whether any mileage may be gained by drawing on the human rights culture that is emerging in U.K. legal and political discourse. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

我国房地产投资信托制度的法律设想

本文拟参照美国先进的不动产投资信托法律制度,结合我国向市场经济社会转型的国情,对我国房地产投资信托的法律制度建构提出若干建议。