理论构建与论文写作——关于翻译研究的Meta理论思考

Meta理论是研究理论的理论,对于理论的构建起指导作用,因此,Meta理论是一个更高层次的理论。本篇文章试图使用Meta理论的一般原则,对翻译理论的构建提出一些思考。他山之石可以攻玉,相信这一初步研究对翻译研究、翻译教学以及研究生学位论文撰写会有所裨益。     

To Wonderland Through the Looking-glass: Conceiving a Critical Legal Argument for Contractual Justice in the South African Law of Contract †

The aim of this paper is to identify the possible substructure (looking glass/es) of a critical legal argument for contractual justice (Wonderland) in the South African law of contract. South African contract law still fails, ten years after the constitutional transformation, to reflect the constitutional ideals of freedom, equality and human dignity in an acceptable manner. I argue that this disposition places a question mark over the legitimacy of contract law and marginalizes opportunities for the social change envisaged by the Constitution. The paper explores Duncan Kennedy’s Form and Substance-argument and indicates that the reluctance to accommodate these values may be attributable to the fact that the majority of role-players position themselves on the individualism/rules side of Kennedy’s continuum – a paradigm that perceives the law of contract as a body of positivistic rules to be applied neutrally and regardless of the social or socio-economic distortions its application may generate. In an attempt to move away from this traditional approach, the privileged paradigm is criticised. A typical CLS-approach is followed which employs sociology, psychological jurisprudence and game theory to criticise the law from outside the restrictive realms of law itself. Simultaneously, I attempt to illuminate the argument for a shift (step through the looking glass) to another paradigm. I conclude that our judiciary finds itself in a position similar to that of Plato’s prisoners in the cave and will not reach the point where they apply relevant (constitutional) values directly to contractual disputes. The State is thus responsible for infusing contract law with contractual justice, by implementing legislation to this effect in order to limit the hegemonic consequences of the judiciary’s obsession with freedom of contract and utopian rules, which fail in reality to further the ideal of justice. Paper presented at the Critical Legal Conference, 4 September 2004, London, UK. This paper is dedicated to the memory of the late Judge of Appeal, Mr. Justice P.J. Olivier. The paper is based on research conducted for the thesis in partial fulfilment of the degree LLD in the Faculty of Law at the University of Pretoria under the title ‘A critical legal argument for contractual justice in the South African law of contract.’ The degree supervisor is Professor Karin van Marle in the Department of Legal History, Comparative Law and Jurisprudence. The author wishes to thank the following persons for valuable deliberations and input: Karin van Marle, Graham Bradfield and Anashri Pillay. In addition, the author wishes to acknowledge and thank the University of Cape Town for financially supporting this research. †Paper presented at the Critical Legal Conference, 4 September 2004, London, UK. This paper is dedicated to the memory of the late Judge of Appeal, Mr. Justice P.J. Olivier. The paper is based on research conducted for the thesis in partial fulfilment of the degree LLD in the Faculty of Law at the University of Pretoria under the title ‘A critical legal argument for contractual justice in the South African law of contract.’ The degree supervisor is Professor Karin van Marle in the Department of Legal History, Comparative Law and Jurisprudence. The author wishes to thank the following persons for valuable deliberations and input: Karin van Marle, Graham Bradfield and Anashri Pillay. In addition, the author wishes to acknowledge and thank the University of Cape Town for financially supporting this research. apply relevant (constitutional) values directly to contractual disputes. The State is thus responsible for infusing contract law with contractual justice, by implementing legislation to this effect in order to limit the hegemonic consequences of the judiciary’s obsession with freedom of contract and utopian rules, which fail in reality to further the ideal of justice.     

多学科、兼顾历史与现状、教学相长：南洋研究院华人研究特点与存在问题（2000-2006）

南洋研究院的华侨华人研究体现了多学科、兼顾历史与现状、教学相长的特色。除了经济、历史、政治学(国际关系)等主要学科外,南洋院师生越来越多地借重民族学、宗教学、金融学、人口学、语言学、管理学、图书及版本学等学科理论与方法研究华侨华人。在侧重华侨华人现状研究时,仍继续关注华人史研究。在相关学位课程带动下,硕博生的学位论文研究日益成为南洋院华侨华人研究的重要组成部分。就总体而言,南洋院的华侨华人研究仍呈现创新能力弱、文献单薄、低水平重复等问题,这既是国内文科重量化考核导向的结果,也与研究人员浮躁的学术态度相关。     

关于变革西部农村生活方式的思考

生活方式是人类的基本社会活动方式,它会影响到生产方式甚至影响到整个社会生活,落后的生活方式会妨碍生产力的发展和社会的进步。因此,变革西部农村落后的生活方式,建立健康、文明、科学的生活方式,提高西部农民的生活质量,成为了西部大开发战略中的一个重要任务。     

近期国内学术界对非政府组织研究综述

目前学术界对非政府组织的研究在概念界定方面,集中在包括剩余法在内的几种定义上;在非政府组织勃兴的深层动因方面,市场与政府的“双重失灵”,“市民社会”的知识话语体系,合法性建构,社会转型,可持续发展等是几个常见的视角;在非政府组织与国家的关系方面,着重探讨了导致两者合作或冲突的多种可能性;对于非政府组织在我国的发展定位问题,一些学者提出了对非政府组织不能期望过高、非政府组织本土化的观点。     

小鼠皮肤切创愈合过程中caspase-3的表达及其活性

目的探讨皮肤切创愈合过程caspase-3的表达、激活情况及其活性的变化规律。方法建立小鼠皮肤切创模型后,应用比色法、Western blotting技术对小鼠皮肤切创愈合过程中不同时间段caspase-3的表达、激活情况及其活性进行研究。结果伤后不同时间的caspase-3活性倍增值、caspase-3酶原表达呈现时间规律性变化,并可见caspase-3的激活片段。结论caspase-3可能在皮肤损伤愈合过程中细胞的凋亡中发挥作用,caspase-3可以成为用于皮肤损伤时间推断的指标。     

发展中国人口文化与人口文化学构建

发展人口化事业的目的是在更高层次上从人们的道德观念、心理卫生、行为方式、生活方式和明程度上解决人口问题。这一历史任务极其艰巨，必须注意把握人口化的本质特征、培育人口化优质品格。人口化学是对具有时代特征的人口化现象、特征及其发展的研究，其内容包括基本范畴界定、研究角度选择、研究思路和研究体系。     

德性伦理视域下社会主义核心价值体系的构建——兼论当代西方德性伦理的启示意义

20世纪50、60年代,西方德性伦理学出现了复兴。它们反对以规则为核心构建伦理学理论,认为要把德性作为伦理学的基础,规则从属于德性,进而将德性作为人的幸福生活的一部分来理解。它从实质主义而非形式主义来诠释伦理学,并重视实践在道德生活中的作用。西方德性伦理的复兴对于当代中国构建社会主义价值体系在构建目标、构建内容、构建途径等方面具有重要的启示意义。     

中西医结合治疗葡萄膜炎32例临床观察

目的:观察中西医结合疗法治疗葡萄膜炎的临床效果。方法:治疗组32例(38眼)分为肝经风热型、肝胆火炽型、风湿夹热型、阴虚火旺型[1],分别用新制柴连汤、龙胆泻肝汤、抑阳酒连散、知柏地黄汤加减同时配合西药治疗;对照组26例(34眼)单用西药治疗。结果:治疗组总有效率为92.1%,对照组为58.8%,两组的总有效率比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:中西医结合疗法治疗葡萄膜炎效果优于常规西药。     

西部非公有制经济发展的制约因素及其化解对策研究

在经济转轨时期,非公有制经济在相当大的程度上承担着整个社会经济组织重构的重任,但目前我国西部地区非公有制经济发育迟缓、市场竞争力弱,这种状况对西部地区深化改革和加快发展极其不利。为此,文章从文化观念、体制转轨及其路径选择等方面分析了制约西部地区非公有制经济发展的深层次原因,并据此提出了积极推进在西部树立新的非公有制经济观念、积极推进西部地区的体制改革等化解对策。