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排序方式: 共有106条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
英美法系国家量刑指南制度的比较研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
量刑指南是指导法官裁量刑罚的准则.为了防止量刑偏差和量刑失衡问题,限制法官的自由裁量权,英美法系国家普遍制定了明确的量刑指南.其中,美国量刑指南制度是中国刑法理论研究较多的一个问题.实际上,在英美法系领域,产生了三种不同模式的量刑指南制度:美国数量化量刑指南、英国论理式量刑指南和澳大利亚信息化量刑指南.相比较而言,英国量刑指南制度对我国量刑制度的改革更具参考和借鉴意义. 相似文献
2.
Saatvika Rai 《政策研究评论》2020,37(4):444-463
The United States is experiencing growing impacts of climate change but currently receives a limited policy response from its national leadership. Within this policy void, many state governments are stepping up and taking action on adaptation planning. Yet we know little about why some states adopt State Adaptation Plans (SAPs), while others do not. This article investigates factors that predict the emergence of SAPs, both in terms of policy adoption and policy intensity (goal ambitiousness). Applying the diffusion of innovation theory, I consider the relative influence of internal state characteristics, regional pressures, and test for conditional effects between government ideologies and severity of the problem. The results show interesting differences between predictors that influence policy adoption and ambitiousness. States are more motivated to adopt a policy when faced with greater climate vulnerability, have more liberal citizenry, and where governments have crossed policy hurdles by previously passing mitigation plans. The intensity of policies and goal setting, moreover, is more likely to be driven by interest group politics and diffuse through policy learning or sharing information among neighboring states in Environmental Protection Agency regions. These findings support an emerging scholarship that uses more complex dependent variables in policy analysis. These variables have the potential to differentiate symbolic from substantive policies and capture finer information about predictors of importance. 相似文献
3.
王锐 《中共山西省委党校学报》2011,(4):65-67
近年来,随着煤炭价格不断上涨,煤炭资源税从量征收的弊端不断显现,我省作为重要能源基地受到的影响更为明显,煤炭行业资源税计征体系亟待完善。现阶段我省推行煤炭行业资源税从价征收会产生一些益处,但同时也会带来一些问题,所以不能依靠单一的政策或行业,要制定从价从量、结合计征的政策,推进行业整合、节约资源,促进企业煤电一体、降低成本,从而建立起完善科学的资源税计征体系。 相似文献
4.
5.
“唯一指定产品”称号已频繁出现于各种广告之中 ,其在社会经济生活中的广泛适用 ,对活跃市场经济具有不可或缺的作用。“唯一指定产品”称号在本质上应属于商誉权 ,国家应适时立法对其进行依法保护。 相似文献
6.
The author discusses some background matters concerning the US criminal justice systems that may provide useful context for non-US readers, and summarises the main general conclusions about the operation of community penalties from two decades' research. He also briefly summarises research concerning each of the major penalties that have been attempted. Why American jurisdictions have been comparatively unsuccessful at use of community penalties as alternatives to incarceration and whether that lack of receptivity can be changed is discussed in the conclusion. 相似文献
7.
Sue Kirvan 《Feminist Legal Studies》1999,7(3):333-342
This note examines the judgement of the House of Lords in the cases of Islam andShah, particularly with regard to their conclusion that women in Pakistan who were victims of domestic violence and not protected
by their state could qualify as members of a particular social group under the Geneva Convention, and therefore attain refugee
status. The note considers the Refugee Women's Legal Group's Gender Guidelines for the Determination of Asylum Claims in the
U.K. and discusses the problems faced by women who claim refugee status. Finally, the conceptualisation of domestic violence
as a political issue and therefore a matter falling within the scope of the Convention issue is analysed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
8.
Self‐driving cars (also known as driverless cars, autonomous vehicles, and highly automated vehicles [HAVs]) will change the regulatory, political, and ethical frameworks surrounding motor vehicles. At the highest levels of automation, HAVs are operated by independent machine agents, making decisions without the direct intervention of humans. The current transportation system assumes human intervention though, including legal and moral responsibilities of human operators. Has the development of these artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous system (AS) technologies outpaced the ethical and political conversations? This paper examines discussions of HAVs, driver responsibility, and technology failure to highlight the differences between how the policy‐making institutions in the United States (Congress and the Public Administration) and technology and transportation experts are or are not speaking about responsibility in the context of autonomous systems technologies. We report findings from a big data analysis of corpus‐level documents to find that enthusiasm for HAVs has outpaced other discussions of the technology. 相似文献
9.
汤晓华 《南京政治学院学报》2011,27(3):99-102
"不战而屈人之兵"、"知彼知己,因敌制胜"、"先为不可胜,以待敌之可胜"、"避实击虚,致人而不致于人"等共同构成了孙子的战略指导思想体系,其中蕴涵着丰富的军事辩证思维,揭示了军事领域重要的军事范畴,对我们制定和实施战略指导具有重要的借鉴作用。 相似文献
10.
李明超 《西南政法大学学报》2013,15(4):52-60
在公用事业特许经营的实施过程中,当公共利益遭受或面临重大损害时,监管者有权采取临时接管措施来保障公用事业运营的连续性和稳定性.然而,实践中的临时接管操作存在着程序倒置、程序缺失、程序失调等重大的程序瑕疵.公用事业特许经营临时接管程序法制的缺失,加剧了政府临时接管行为的合法性危机.危机消解的根本之道在于强化临时接管程序的立法规定,通过对申请、听证、决定、启动、执行、终止六大程序的系统建构来约束政府的临时接管行为,保障各方利益主体的合法权益. 相似文献