REFORMS TO THE FEDERALLY ADMINISTERED AREA OF PAKISTAN (FATA) – AN UNRESOLVED PROBLEM

In March 2017, Pakistan formally took the decision to begin a process of incorporating the Federally Administered Tribal Territories into the framework of regular Pakistani law. This article offers an overview of the historical system of governance of the Tribal territories, along with a discussion of the development of the recent reforms and their prospects for success.     

泰国北部各民族中的儒教传统

生活在泰国北部山地的泰族及其他少数民族 ,深受中国汉族的儒家信仰及传统观念的影响 ,特别是在“礼仪”、“尊卑”、“举止”上 ,都严格遵循儒家的规矩。同时 ,也用儒家的伦理道德来处理民族之间的关系。     

American Indian Tribes: ``Not as Belonging to But as Existing Within'

This article is an extended analysis of the historyand anomalies in the doctrine of American Indiantribal sovereignty. I explain that America gainedindependence, but took Indian land and colonized thetribes just as it had been colonized under theBritish. It asserted sovereignty for itself, butsubordinated the once independent tribes with aparadoxical semi-sovereign status as `dependentdomestic nations', all of this justified by the racialand cultural otherness of Indians. Using a Lacanianperspective, I show that America was founded on a`wound' or inconsistency at the heart of itsideological and constitutional order. In order torectify the inconsistencies that the initial `wound'produces, the law and political order havecontinuously had to adopt fictions (legal and racial). American law and policy has never been able to settlethe ambiguous doctrine of Indian sovereignty. As aresult, the law circles round and round in trying todefine it, and asserting and denying it, all in anunsuccessful attempt to make the constitutional orderwhole. It cannot succeed, however, since the ultimatesolution is an American sovereignty which, like God,admits of no limitation.     

僰人入播考

秦以后分布于今四川宜宾地区之人,有一部分沿长江东徙,至迟于南齐时已到达今江津一带。贵州习水三岔河发现之岩墓岩刻为蜀汉时人留下之史迹。唐初开南蛮后,人先后有两次进入播州的纪录,但均未能长期在当地扎根。杨端为第三次入播之人酋领;其时,官军为南诏及僚人牵制,人遂乘此有利时机入据播土。杨氏家族此后遂开疆拓土长期统治播州。此外,播州正北及西北宋代犹有其他人支系活动。     

《盟吐蕃碑》——中国古代法中的和谐观分析

人类历史的发展进程从来就是多元的而非单元的,而多元社会的自然发展过程有和平的,也有暴力的交往.但究其历史,经常的交往一般都是通过和平的途径.暴力交往尤其不可能成为经常交往的方式.有数千年文明史的中国更是如此.《盟吐蕃碑》这篇九世纪的原始文献向世人显现了中国唐代时期的一份国际和平条约.它揭示了作为一个大国的唐帝国如何与周边国家和平共处,创建外交上的和谐周边的典范,而究论这种与周边国家甚至与古代东西两极国家相处的和谐共处原则,则是中国古代传统文化的特色.     

Evaluating the Cultural Fit of an Approach for Practice Model Development for Tribal Child Welfare

Three American Indian tribes utilized Business Process Mapping (BPM) as a tool to develop culturally-based tribal child welfare practice models. This study employed a multi-methods design to evaluate the cultural fit of BPM when used in tribal settings. Findings indicated that although programs considered BPM a “mainstream” intervention, each still found the process to be an effective means of creating models reflecting child welfare practice within tribal cultural contexts. Findings further suggested that BPM can, however, benefit from examination of how it might better articulate cultural values and norms, as well as differences between tribal and mainstream child welfare approaches.     

南平僚非僰人辨--兼论播州杨保与南平军僰人为同一族类

四川大学历史系教授蒙默之论文<僰为僚说>以南平僚即南川、綦江之僰人作为其重要证据之一立论,无视于二者风俗之迥异;特别是对其所据史料之解释在时间及空间上均有错位,与实况不符.僰溪虽因有僰人而得名,但僰溪之僰人并非南平僚.僰溪得名在前,僚人徙居其地在僰溪得名之后;且南平僚所在之南平州与僰溪所在之南州非同一地望,故此项论据不能成立.本文还论证了宋代南平军僰人为播州杨保同族之另一分支.因蒙默先生另曾指认播州杨保为僚人,故本文亦难以认同.     

The Islamic Community in Bosnia and Herzegovina and nation building by Muslims/Bosniaks in the Western Balkans

The disintegration of the former Yugoslavia posed challenges for the universal concept of the Yugoslav Muslim nation for which several development paths were imaginable under the new circumstances. The concept of Bosniakdom, which was initially developed to address the Muslims of Bosnia and Herzegovina, gradually grew to become a new and coherent national program to include all the Muslims of former Yugoslavia, primarily due to its new pan-Bosniak orientation. The present article traces the conceptual history of the national ideas of Muslimdom versus Bosniakdom within the former Yugoslav states, as well as the conceptual and institutional history of the pan-Bosniak idea and movement during the 1990s and 2000s. It does this by emphasizing the decisive role the Official Muslim Community in Bosnia and Herzegovina played in their development and divulgence. This article claims that, contrary to some expectations, the strategy of internationalization and universalization of the hitherto territorial concept of Bosniakdom toward Muslims in neighboring countries during the second half of 1990s and 2000s was closely linked to the idea of the construction of the Bosniak national state. It also proposes that the evolution of Bosniakdom into pan-Bosniakdom during that time primarily followed concerns related to that goal.     

中国环渤海经济圈产业竞争力要素分析

区域经济的发展水平决定于区域产业竞争力。环渤海经济圈的产业竞争力取决于四个要素:基础条件竞争力、竞争实力、竞争潜力和环境竞争力,具体体现这些要素的是区域资源优势、经济发展水平、大企业数量与规模、销售状况以及跨国公司的投资规模,还有主导产业及产业集群等。要提高环渤海经济圈产业竞争力,需要加强区域产业联系以促进区域经济一体化;保持区域产业竞争优势持续力;提供培养区域产业竞争力的政策。