私人侦探及其调查行为的合法性

我国现阶段存在的所谓的私人侦探及其调查行为不具有合法性。针对目前中国社会中出现的公民私人信息调查的需要,现阶段比较稳妥的做法是不断完善公力救济、适度私力救济。公民群体在追求自身权益保障的同时,要切实树立法律至上的观念,严格遵守相关的法律规定,培养法律意识,促动法治的健康发展,使中国的法治由理想变为现实。     

合法性的意义、内涵及提高

合法性增强了民众服从权力的道德基础,带来了秩序、效率和稳定性的好处。合法性意味着:权力应符合确立的规则;已经确立的规则能被共同信仰证明是正当的;民众中的大多数成员对具体的权力关系明确表示同意。政府应有合法性意识,不断地通过物质文明、政治文明和精神文明建设进一步提高自身的合法性。     

Selecting Constitutional Judges Randomly

This article discusses from the perspective of democratic theory an innovative proposal for the selection of constitutional, supreme court, or federal judges that aims at combining the values of expertise and political independence. It consists in combining a certification process – selecting a pool of properly qualified candidates – with a random selection among this pool. We argue that such selection procedure would better respect the separation of powers and the specific legitimacy of courts, and we champion this two‐stage mechanism vis‐à‐vis other, more traditionally employed, selection procedures. We then deal with a diversity of objections to our proposal and conclude by taking stock of both its virtues and limitations.     

社会转型期加强党的执政合法性建设探析

政治合法性是政党长期有效执政的基本前提。处于社会转型时期的中国，由于体制的转轨和价值观念的嬗变，对中国共产党的执政合法性提出了新的挑战。新时期，以科学发展观为指导，巩固和扩大党的执政合法性的绩效基础；实现执政合法性向法理型转变；同时坚持指导思想的与时俱进，建设社会主义先进文化，是加强党的执政合法性建设的路径选择。     

中国政治合法性的理念基础及其当代认同——兼论马克思主义指导思想教育的本质

政治合法性是一个普遍存在的问题,理念上的合法是政治合法性的重要基础和来源之一.中国的历代统治者都非常注重统治的合法性理念支持,但他们创造的以"天命"说为核心的意识形态固有的缺陷无法真正保证其统治的合法性,使其难免改朝换代的命运.当代中国,在政治合法性的理念基础构建和宣传方面也曾出现过误区,马克思主义才是当代中国政治合法性理念基础的核心,马克思主义指导思想教育的本质就是实现当代中国政治合法性的理念认同.     

保持党的先进性，制度创新是关键——对十七大党建理论的政治解读

党的十七大对于党建理论的高度重视，体现了制度创新与保持党的先进性具有内在正相关性。在削度创新中需要处理效率与公平，执政党与国家政权的关系，党内民主与人民民主的关系。     

正义：我国行政决策的理性诉求

作为行政管理活动的首要环节和重要基础,行政决策解决了政治资源的定位和分配,从而决定着行政管理活动的方向及方式取舍,并以其特有的权威引导和保证社会发展的方向。政治正义性与合法性的原理要求我国的行政决策必须坚持正义的理性诉求。但由于权力寻租的存在,监督机制的不健全以及行政决策的技术基础不够理想,我国部分行政决策的正义性明显不足。要增强我国行政决策的正义性,必须从根本出发,完善行政决策的制度基础,提高行政决策的技术基础,扩大行政决策的社会基础。     

The UN Security Council,normative legitimacy and the challenge of specificity

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses how the general and abstract concept of legitimacy applies to international institutions, using the United Nations Security Council as an example. We argue that the evaluation of the Security Council’s legitimacy requires considering three significant and interrelated aspects: its purpose, competences, and procedural standards. We consider two possible interpretations of the Security Council’s purpose: on the one hand, maintaining peace and security, and, on the other, ensuring broader respect for human rights. Both of these purposes are minimally morally acceptable for legitimacy. Second, we distinguish between three different competences of the UNSC: 1) the decision-making competence, 2) the quasi-legislative competence, and 3) the referral competence. On this basis, we argue that different procedural standards are required to legitimise these competences, which leads to a more differentiated understanding of the Security Council’s legitimacy. While maintaining that the membership structure of the Council is a severe problem for its legitimacy, we suggest other procedural standards that can help to improve its overall legitimacy, which include broad transparency, deliberation, and the revisability of the very terms of accountability themselves.     

证据开示制度比较研究──兼评我国民事审判实践中的证据开示

证据开示制度１９世纪始于英国,此后,受到各国重视。各国的证据开示制度都有各自的发展和完善历程。在具体的证据开示范围、方法及限制、制裁等方面也有所不同。我国在审判方式改革中,部分地区试行了庭前证据交换,但也存在不少问题,且有关诉讼体制、法制环境、诉讼观念等运行环境问题,尤其值得深思和研究。     

Perceived corruption, distributive justice, and the legitimacy of the system of social stratification in the Czech Republic

This article examines the relationship between social justice norms and the perceived legitimacy of the social stratification system in the Czech Republic. Despite the fact that meritocratic values have remained the dominant part of ideology in the Czech Republic throughout the transformation process, those values have played only a very minor role in fostering evaluations of system legitimacy, such as perceptions of system closure and widespread inequality. This article argues that perceived corruption is the key factor that negatively mediates the relationship between norms of distributive justice and beliefs about social legitimacy, and ultimately plays a major role in reducing the legitimacy of the social stratification system. The main analysis uses a structural equation model based on Czech data from the ISSP Role of Government Survey in 2006. The evidence lends support to the path dependency view of the social transformation process, according to which rampant corruption, which was a core legacy of the market transformation process, continues to shape system legitimacy even in the face of relative economic prosperity of the mid 2000s.