社会主义核心价值的多维探源

社会主义的核心价值是无产阶级对人类共同理想的解读,是生产社会化要求的推导,是对资本主义价值理念的“扬弃,”是共产主义价值目标的“初级”表现。     

试论张爱玲创作继承的民族传统

张爱玲小说创作继承的民族传统，主要来自明清世情小说、晚清谴责小说和民国社会小说，表现在描写世态人情、写实性、结构散漫性、全知视角、含蓄笔法和通俗性等方面。其小说的艺术优长和缺失，包括狭窄的婚恋题村、平实琐碎的生活细节、松散随意的结构、说书人的叙述角度、微妙的隐喻和暗示以及通俗小说趣味，都源于她对上述中国旧小说传统的继承。旧小说成就了张爱玲的小说风格，也从根本上影响和制约了其思想价值和艺术品质。     

Proficiency testing (external quality assessment) of drug detection in oral fluid

Eighteen external quality assessment (proficiency testing) samples were prepared from client specimens collected with the Intercept^® oral fluid collection device and by spiking drug-free oral fluid. Samples were circulated in pairs at quarterly intervals to 13 UK and USA based laboratories for analysis by a panel of OraSure micro-plate Intercept^® enzyme immunoassay kits and hyphenated mass spectrophotometric techniques. During the survey, there was a single case of non-specificity in a false report for methadone. The major errors were of lack of sensitivity relative to the concentration thresholds specified for the immunoassays. The sensitivity for overall ‘present’/‘not found’ reports calculated as true positives/(true positives + false negatives) were for the amfetamine specific assay 50%, methyl-amfetamines 93%, barbiturates 64%, cannabinoids 73%, cocaine and metabolites 100%, benzodiazepines 69%, methadone 95%, opiates 79% (opiates excluding oxycodone 93%), phencyclidine 93% and human gamma-globulin 97%. A small number of the sensitivity errors were attributable to errors in chromatographic confirmation techniques.     

Analysis of Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol in oral fluid samples using solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

An analytical method using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) has been developed and validated for the confirmation of Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in oral fluid samples. Oral fluid was extracted using Bond Elut LRC-Certify solid-phase extraction columns (10 cm³, 300 mg) and elution performed with n-hexane/ethyl acetate. Quantitation made use of the selected ion-recording mode (SIR) using the most abundant characteristic ion [THC + H⁺], m/z 315.31 and the fragment ion, m/z 193.13 for confirmation, and m/z 318.00 for the protonated internal standard, [d₃-THC + H⁺]. The method proved to be precise for THC, in terms of both intra-day and inter-day analyses, with coefficients of variation less than 10%, and the calculated extraction efficiencies for THC ranged from 76 to 83%. Calibration standards spiked with THC between 2 and 100 ng/mL showed a linear relationship (r² = 0.999). The method presented was applied to the oral fluid samples taken from the volunteers during the largest music event in Portugal, named Rock in Rio-Lisboa. Oral fluid was collected from 40 persons by expectoration and with Salivette^®. In 55% of the samples obtained by expectorating, THC was detected with concentration ranges from 1033 to 6552 ng/mL and in 45% of cases THC was detected at concentrations between 51 and 937 ng/mL. However, using Salivette^® collection, 26 of the 40 cases had an undetectable THC.     

神山森林传统的传承与社区生态教育初探

“神山森林”是具有文化内涵、被山地少数民族村社传统文化保护的自然森林块。作为崇拜对象受到严格保护的神山森林 ,具有多种生态功能 ,对生物多样性的保护和管理有着重要的影响。高黎贡山国家级自然保护区周边的大田坡和百花岭两个行政村 ,在神山森林保护的传统中 ,进行了卓有成效的社区生态教育活动 ,其中传承神山森林传统的“社区共管”方式 ,可为今天生态保护提供借鉴。     

Wealth Taxes: Stories, Metaphors and Public Attitudes

Wealth taxes are currently high on the policy agenda in Britain. These taxes will not be political sustainable without public support. However, evidence exists that indicates substantial public opposition to wealth taxes. For example, inheritance tax appears to provoke hostility among the public. Some observers have suggested that the way that wealth taxes are presented - particularly using stories and narratives - could enhance public support. This paper summarises focus group evidence on this suggestion. I report that using narratives and stories can have an impact, although this should not be overstated and much depends on how the narratives are shaped.     

歌唱与纠纷的解决--黔东南苗族口承习惯法中的诉讼与裁定

苗族历史上没有文字,口承法律文化丰富。在传统的纠纷解决过程中,理师的调解和裁定、当事人双方的自我辩护都通过唱词表现出来。唱词“引经据典”、灵活自如、生动形象,琅琅上口,理法的剖解蕴含其中,最后使各类纠纷圆满解决。本文以贵州省黔东南现存理词为基本资料,探讨无文字状态下苗族传统纠纷解决的形式和方法。     

补强证据规则--兼论口供的证据价值

补强证据规则是对诉讼过程中的采证、认证经验的总结,其在程序上对证据的证明力予以直接限制,体现了对法官认证的自由裁量权的规范和控制。我国目前还没有确立补强证据规则,理论上也缺乏对补强证据规则的系统研究。但司法实践中会经常运用到补强证据及其规则。     

Simplified Direct PCR Method for Reference Buccal Samples Using a Non-FTA Card by Omitting the Pretreatment Step

When using non-FTA cards in commercial multiplex STR kits for direct PCR, pretreatment steps with specific buffers are recommended. Here, we designed a rapid direct PCR method utilizing a non-FTA card, Oral Cell Sampling Kit, by omitting the pretreatment step involving Prep-n-Go™ Buffer, and it showed compatibility with the GlobalFiler™ Express PCR Amplification Kit, GlobalFiler™ PCR Amplification Kit, and PowerPlex^® Fusion system. To optimize the PCR conditions, we tested the method with different final PCR volumes and cycles. Finally, we conducted a performance test using 50 Korean buccal samples and confirmed the high performance of the method, detecting more than 90% of the samples with full profiles when using GlobalFiler™ PCR Amplification Kit and PowerPlex^® Fusion system at 29 cycles in a 10 μL final PCR volume. Thus, we report a simple direct PCR set-up to analyze reference samples collected using a non-FTA card manufactured in Korea.     

马克思主义的发展是继承与创新的统一

对马克思主义理论的继承不应是教条的简单照搬,科学的继承应是发展创新的继承;理论的创新发展必须要坚持马克思主义的基本原则,并以马克思主义为基础;马克思主义的发展,是继承和创新的统一,不断发展变化着的实践需要用发展着的马克思主义来指导。