国际人道主义法的危机——驻伊美军虐待俘虏事件的若干法律问题分析

战争的残酷性使得人们更为关注生命尊严的价值,国际人道主义法亦随之得以发展。然而,近期曝光的驻伊美军虐待战俘事件,侵犯了战俘的生命健康权、人格权、中诉及公平审判权,严重违反国际人道主义法,而现行国际法与国内法机制均无法有效地惩罚这种违法行为。因此,为了真正保护国际人权,惩治战争犯罪,应增强国际刑事法院等组织的地位。     

军事伦理学应当研究道德战范畴

在军事领域,道德通过影响军人的心灵与心智,起着巩固、扩大己方力量,削弱、分化、瓦解敌方的重要作用。在军事斗争中,敌对双方利用道德的功能展开相互间的较量导致了道德战这一特殊军事斗争样式。军事伦理学应当深入研究道德战,以充分发挥道德服务于战争的功能。     

抗战时期中国共产党对国民党地方实力派的统战工作

国民党地方实力派是中国近代历史条件下演化出来的情况复杂、派系众多的军事政治集团,中共与这些派系的关系是国共关系史的重要组成部分。国民党地方实力派在抗战时期表现不同,因而中共的统战政策也随之有所变化。对这一时期统战工作的研究或许对目前的台湾问题有所启示。     

中国抗日战争的世界意义

抗日战争是中华民族近代史上第一次取得完全胜利的民族解放战争,是世界反法西斯战争的重要组成部分。充分认识中国人民为夺取世界反法西斯战争的胜利做出的历史性贡献,正视日本军国主义曾经给我国及亚太地区人民带来的深重灾难,对于我们正确认识和牢记历史,反对日本右翼势力篡改和美化侵略战争,警惕军国主义势力东山再起,与各国人民一道共同维护世界和平,具有重要而深远的意义。     

冷战后欧美关系演变中的文化因素

美欧之间共同的价值观和共同的利益是大西洋两岸在冷战期间紧紧捆绑在一起的动力,但是冷战结束后,美欧矛盾逐步酝酿演变。其深藏着的文化因素方面的差异,将不断地在其对外战略和外交政策上体现出来,欧美关系的重建将会经历一个痛苦的过程。     

Chinese warfare and politics in the ancient East Asian international system,CA. 2700 B.C. to 722 B.C.

Ancient East Asia is the second oldest “protobellic area” and pristine state system of international relations within the global international system, after West Asia (ancient Near East). In a previous study Cioffi‐Revilla and Lai (1995) reported the first findings on the origins and evolution of war and politics in ancient China (Legendary, Xia [Hsia], Shang, and Western Zhou [Chou] periods), ca. 2700 B.C to 722 B.C In this paper we make public an expanded data set (N = 104 cases, 12 variables; version 2.0), explaining our sources, measurements, and data quality control procedures. The new data set will permit investigators to test hypotheses about warfare distributions, ethnic and protracted conflicts, time series, periodicity, system dynamics, and structural relationships (e.g., war‐polarity theories). This new long‐range data set should also promote a new stage in comparative analyses of the universal and particular properties of warfare and international systems, both cross‐polity and longitudinally.     

Hearing the voice of Donbas: art and literature as forms of cultural protest during war

This paper analyzes literary, visual, and street art works of writers and artists from Eastern Ukraine produced during 2014. Two Donetsk artists, Serhii Zakharov and Anzhela Dzherikh, and two Luhansk writers, Serhii Zhadan and Olena Stepova, play with the myth of the proletarian Donbas, on the one hand, and debunk the popular perception of Donbas people as being in consent with the politics of the self-proclaimed Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics, on the other. They explore familiar tropes and images of Donbas and use guerrilla tactics (shock effects, provocativeness, and deception) to initiate public reaction to the war. Their works are united by their search for a shared communication space and direct access to the audience on occupied territories. These artists challenge the accepted perception of Donbas as a free but uncivilized space and participate in the creation of a new Donbas text. The interaction between politics, art, and activism makes their voices and vision powerful and infectious and can help achieve civic consolidation in Donbas.     

How foreign policy recommendations are put together: A computational model with empirical applications

This paper presents and applies empirically a computational model of the way in which bona fide high level foreign policy recommendations by U.S. policy makers are assembled. We begin by pointing out that policy making can be seen as the connection of certain strings of words to other strings. We then discuss how these connections constitute certain types of foreign policy making phenomena as such. To theorize about such connections, one first needs to specify essential features of these phenomena, and we do so for one phenomenon: bona fide recommendations. We next turn to a discussion of the theory that links together the categories by which these features are represented. That theory explains how certain strings of words are assembled into new proximate goals, missions, and tools. The theory can be modeled computationally using the programming language Scheme, and we next present that model. We conclude by presenting a run of the model, showing the close fit between actual and generated strings.     

Military Integration,Demobilization, and the Recurrence of Civil War

ABSTRACT

Peace agreements often include provisions for the military integration of the conflict parties, involving an increase in government forces, and at the same time requesting demobilization and thus a reduction of military personnel. Depending on the modalities and magnitude both can be strong signals of a commitment to the peace process. However, tensions between these two concepts can also endanger post-conflict stability. The empirical analyses of 77 post-conflict societies show that civil war is more likely to recur if rebel forces are kept separate during the military integration process and if the military plays an important role in post-conflict economies.     

关于土地革命战争时期的毛泽东党建思想研究

土地革命战争时期，毛泽东在多篇重要的讲话、报告和文章中探讨了在当时的历史背号下中国共产党的自身建设问题，其内容主要涉及到党的思想建设、组织建设和作风建设等方面。进入21世纪，中国共产党人重温毛泽东土地革命战争时期的党建思想，对做好新时期的党建工作给予诸多而有益的重要历史启示。