原产地保护制度及规则构筑之思路

原产地保护是一项在国际上已有一百多年历史的工业产权制度,在保障以某些知名商品为代表的地域产业经济良性发展和维护有序的知识产权市场化方面发挥着巨大作用。由于长期以来未建立起一套成型的原产地保护制度,我国在原产地名称上屡遭假冒、抢注等侵权。TRIPS协议明确将原产地名称(地理标志)纳入了法律的保护。因此,中国在原产地名称保护方面势必要加强力度,在立法模式、具体操作等问题上,应采取一些必要措施。     

高铁隧道内气动效应形成损坏痕迹特点分析

动车高速通过隧道时,运行车体推动的空气由于受到隧道壁的约束能形成能量很强的冲击气流,有时会造成一些设备设施损坏、脱落,进而危及高铁行车安全。这类事件发生后,铁路部门往往误以为是人为破坏,并以破坏案件进行上报。本文通过对特定动车行车事故的现场勘验、调查访问,分析了高铁隧道内气动效应对特殊位置设施造成损坏的过程及形成痕迹特点,准确认定了事件性质和事故发生原因,并对气动效应形成损坏痕迹和常见工具形成痕迹的区别进行了探讨。     

新型手印提取器的研究

现场勘查中,技术人员对用粉末刷显的手印、灰尘加层手印拍照提取后,再用新型手印提取器提取效果更好。手印提取器使胶带与客体接触面积变小、压力均匀,从而避免在提取过程中产生气泡;同时,胶带具有粘性的一面与另一胶带紧密相粘,通过转动,能制成透明的手印检材,可直接通过印相放大、复印,或通过反差较大的衬底做背景进行比对鉴定。实践证明,运用手印提取器提取的手印具有高质量、手印特征反映好、保存时间长,而且在使用中方便简捷,提取速度快等优点。     

Further Pseudo-Operational Trials with the Lumicyano Double- and Co-Fuming Process for the Detection of Latent Fingermarks

This study presents a number of pseudo-operational trials on plastic bags investigating the double- and co-fuming process of a one-step fluorescent cyanoacrylate (Lumicyano^TM) in comparisons with the two-step process with basic yellow 40 (BY40) staining for the detection of latent fingermarks. The results demonstrate that both Lumicyano solution and dye contribute to the increased detection of latent fingermarks during the double-fuming process (trial 1). Co-fuming the Lumicyano solution and dye separately (at a concentration of 8%) but simultaneously was less effective than 8% Lumicyano (trial 2). Co-fuming Lumicyano 8% and an additional 8% Lumicyano dye by weight was more effective than Lumicyano 8% (trial 3), possibly due to increased fluorescent material deposition during co-fuming allowing for better visualization. The use of BY40 after Lumicyano resulted in a considerable increase in detected fingermarks.     

判断纸张折痕与写印字迹先后次序的实验研究

添改文件属于变造文件的一种,在污损文件检验中占据重要地位。对一份疑似添改的文件进行真伪识别,不仅要看形成文件的物质材料的理化性质是否遵循其正常的变化规律,还要看整份文件的形成过程是否符合正常的行文程序。由于各种色料与纸张折痕交叉,不同形成次序时交叉部位呈现出来的表观特征存在差别,因而能够根据这种差别判断色料与折痕形成的先后次序,进而为确定一份可疑的文件是否存在添改事实提供依据。     

紧缩构式的界定及其句法结构分析

紧缩构式是汉语中一种特殊的句法结构.文章运用构式语法理论,提出并界定了“紧缩构式”这一概念,区分紧缩构式与紧缩结构,构建紧缩构式范畴系统,并对紧缩构式的语块构成、形式标记类型等相关句法结构特征进行分析.     

Assessment of Maceration Techniques Used to Remove Soft Tissue from Bone in Cut Mark Analysis

Maceration techniques employed in forensics must be effective without compromising the bone's integrity and morphology, and prevent destruction of evidence. Techniques must also be fast, safe, easily obtainable and inexpensive; not all techniques currently employed are appropriate for forensic use. To evaluate the most suitable approach, seven techniques including current and new methodologies were applied to fresh, fleshed porcine ribs exhibiting cut marks. A sample size of 30 specimens per technique was examined under scanning electron microscopy at the cut mark and the surrounding uncompromised regions; a scoring system of effectiveness was applied. The previously unpublished microwave method fared best for bone and cut mark preservation. Sodium hypochlorite destroyed cut marks, and was deemed unsuitable for forensic analysis. No single technique fulfilled all criteria; however, this study provides a benchmark for forensic anthropologists to select the most appropriate method for their situation, while maintaining the high standards required by forensic science.     

非制式枪支射击自制底火子弹弹壳痕迹检验

由制式64式手枪改制的枪支,其射击弹头、弹壳上的痕迹位置、形态也因改制手法和部件的不同而存在差异,给检验增加了难度,利用其射击弹头、弹壳上的痕迹对发射枪支进行同一认定具有重要的意义。本案中,笔者在非制式64式手枪的拉壳钩上使用颜色标记,并对标记枪支发射的带有自制底火的改制弹壳进行检验,从而对拉壳钩在异常位置遗留的痕迹进行了确认,为使用异常位置拉壳钩痕迹进行发射枪支的同一认定提供了依据。     

关于注意研究的综述

注意是心理活动或意识对一定对象的指向与集中,对信息具有选择功能,与人类的行为活动有着密切的关系。从当前关于注意研究的一些理论和观点出发加以论述,可为今后的有关研究提供可能的参考。     

FTIR图像—单点模式法无损鉴别不同品牌激光打印机墨粉色痕

利用傅里叶红外图像系统,采用单点模式对收集到的八种品牌激光打印机墨粉色痕进行红外扫描,采集样品红外光谱,并对其中两种样品红外光谱进行二阶导数运算,得到对应的二阶导数光谱。实验表明,该方法可有效区分不同品牌激光打印机墨粉色痕,并可为其他书写材料无损检验鉴定提供借鉴。