Women Sustaining Community: The Politics of Agro-Ecology in Quilombo Tourism in Southern Brazil

This article analyses how a gendered perspective on community-based tourism (CBT) contributes to the realisation of identity and sovereignty of quilombos. It examines the potential sustainability of CBT coupled with agro-ecological practices within the context of gendered identity politics. Drawing from in-depth ethnographic and archival research conducted between February and July 2015 at Campinho da Independência (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), the article discusses how female leaders integrate sustainable agro-ecological practices and CBT with environmental education in what they call ‘ethno-ecological tourism’. This approach to CBT strengthens a proudly defiant version of Afro-Brazilian ethnic identity vis-à-vis the state.     

20世纪90年代以来的近代中国妇女史研究综述

20世纪90年代以来的近代中国妇女史研究取得了令人可喜的成果,成立了一批研究机构和学会,扩大了研究领域和范围,更新了研究视角和方法,发表、出版了可观的论著,从而促进了整个史学的发展。但就总体水平而言,高质量、高水准的成果并不多见,妇女史作为历史学科的一个分支学科,并未引起足够的重视,主要是资料的不足、分散,限制了近代中国妇女史研究的进一步拓展和深化。要真正确立妇女史的学科地位,尚需学术界的艰辛努力。     

多学科、兼顾历史与现状、教学相长：南洋研究院华人研究特点与存在问题（2000-2006）

南洋研究院的华侨华人研究体现了多学科、兼顾历史与现状、教学相长的特色。除了经济、历史、政治学(国际关系)等主要学科外,南洋院师生越来越多地借重民族学、宗教学、金融学、人口学、语言学、管理学、图书及版本学等学科理论与方法研究华侨华人。在侧重华侨华人现状研究时,仍继续关注华人史研究。在相关学位课程带动下,硕博生的学位论文研究日益成为南洋院华侨华人研究的重要组成部分。就总体而言,南洋院的华侨华人研究仍呈现创新能力弱、文献单薄、低水平重复等问题,这既是国内文科重量化考核导向的结果,也与研究人员浮躁的学术态度相关。     

NGOs and Ethnic Conflict: Lessons from the Work of the Project on Ethnic Relations in the Balkans

This article examines the impact of nongovernmental organization-sponsored contact and communication on fostering peaceful solutions to ethnic conflict via case studies of the activities of the Project on Ethnic Relations (PER) in Romania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Kosovo, and Serbia. It explores five operational principles that guide PER activity: creating credible, neutral forums for dialogue; maintaining momentum; working within political realities; encouraging indigenous solutions from within existing processes; and acting with the backing of powerful states. These principles explain PER's success as a "weak mediator" of ethnic conflicts. According to this analysis, PER also exhibits organizational characteristics that contribute to success, including nonpartisanship, area expertise and extensive networks of local contacts, and an ability to secure the trust of local actors.
A significant indicator of the success of PER activities is the establishment by conflicting parties of institutionalized mechanisms for addressing their differences. Contrary to the view that electoral competition contributes to conflict, this study finds that the possibility of achieving an electoral advantage by participating cooperatively in conflict resolution activities creates incentives for local actors to recognize opportunities offered by PER activities and leads local actors to heed PER's advice. Finally, the article offers a cautionary observation. While PER's perceived influence with major international actors may contribute to its local successes, once a state actor with the power to impose a solution has committed itself to ending a conflict, its preferences outweigh any local interests in determining the outcome and renders the efforts of a "weak mediator" such as PER irrelevant.     

按照"三个代表"要求加强边疆民族地区基层党组织建设

在新的历史时期 ,加强边疆民族地区基层党组织建设 ,必须高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜 ,全面贯彻“三个代表”要求 ,紧紧抓住坚持与时俱进这个关键 ,保持党的先进性这个核心 ,坚持执政为民这个本质 ,在推进边疆民族地区跨越式发展上 ,发挥基层党组织的战斗堡垒作用 ;在增强边疆民族地区的社会稳定上 ,发挥基层党组织的政治凝聚作用 ;在维护好、实现好、发展好边疆各族人民根本利益上 ,发挥基层党组织的政治核心作用     

对20世纪50年代中国宪法学基本范畴的分析与反思

一门学科的生命力首先表现在基本范畴与学术规范的确立。宪法学作为研究宪法现象的知识体系,应确立表明其独立学科地位的范畴与学术话语。中国宪法学发展正处于社会转型期,需要认真反思5 0年来宪法学范畴发展的历史过程,以中国社会的发展为背景,建构中国宪法学基本范畴。     

中国民法现代化历程中的三个误区

清末民初开始的中国民法现代化历程,在确立平等、自由、秩序等现代民法精神,构筑当代民法制度发展基本脉络的同时,尚存有一些遗憾与不足,以下三个历史误区更值得关注:民法现代化初期的民法价值理念,不恰当地追随了西方的“权利社会化”思潮;民法现代化历程始终未能摆脱国家本位主义的阴影;民法制度的创制过度突出了“制定法”地位与“法律移植”的作用。为此,我们需要进一步反思这一百年的民法现代化历程之得失,以期重新展望、描绘更为美妙的民法现代化图景。     

Disciplining Society through the City: The Genesis of City Planning in Brazil and Argentina (1894–1945)

This paper looks at the genesis of a discourse on urbanismo (city planning) in Brazil and Argentina between 1894 and 1945 using the ideas of Michel Foucault on discipline and his concept of bio–power. The demographic pattern of the major cities in both countries from 1890 onwards and the renewals of the centres of these cities are also discussed. Other sections are dedicated to the plans proposed for the same cities in the 1920s and to urban representations, such as ideas about social reform, the role of hygiene as a point of departure for planning, and the relationship of ideas on Taylorism (scientific management) and the city. The paper also discusses the planners opposition to elections, when they claimed that they were the only ones qualified to deal with urban problems and therefore they should be employed in the state apparatus.
Other concerns of the paper are the use of planning as an element of nation building and ideas defining eugenics (race 'betterment') as an important aspect of city planning. I conclude by arguing that, if implemented, city planning was a way of creating an industrial culture, disciplining society through the city, although the industrial proletariat has never made up the majority of the population in Brazil or Argentina. Even if many aspects of the plans proposed for both countries were not implemented, the discourse of planners can be seen as a will to discipline society through the city. This discipline would affect the freedom of movement of human bodies, and is therefore approached through Foucault's concepts of bio–power and discipline