论鉴定结论的系统化规制——以证据能力规则为视角

鉴定结论作为我国法定证据之一，在刑事诉讼中发挥着越来越重要的作用。但是，现有法律对鉴定结论的规定比较粗糙，司法实践中对鉴定结论的使用缺乏有效的规制。大陆法系、英美法系通过对鉴定人与鉴定结论的限制，保证鉴定结论的证据效力。事实证明，鉴定结论并不天然地具有证据能力，运用证据能力理论构建合理的规则体系能够保证合法有效地运用鉴定结论。     

Forensic investigation of OOXML format documents

MS Office documents could be illegally copied by offenders, and forensic investigators still face great difficulty in investigating and tracking the source of these illegal copies. This paper mainly proposes a forensic method based on the unique value of the revision identifier (RI) to determine the source of suspicious electronic documents. This method applies to electronic documents which use Office Open XML (OOXML) format, such as MS Office 2007, Mac Office 2008 and MS Office 2010. According to the uniqueness of the RI extracted from documents, forensic investigators can determine whether the suspicious document and another document are from the same source. Experiments demonstrate that, for a copy of an electronic document, even if all the original characters are deleted or formatted by attackers, forensic examiners can determine that the copy and the original document are from the same source through detecting the RI values. Additionally, the same holds true if attackers just copy some characters from the original document to a newly created document. As long as there is one character left whose original format has not been cleared, forensic examiners can determine that the two documents are from the same source using the same method. This paper also presents methods for OOXML format files to detect the time information and creator information, which can be used to determine who the real copyright holder is when a copyright dispute occurs.     

我国刑事专家辅助人制度基本问题论略

我国新《刑事诉讼法》第192条第2至4款以基本法的高度第一次明确规定了我国刑事专家辅助人制度。专家辅助人既不同于专家证人、也不同于鉴定人、更不是证人抑或诉讼代理人，他属于特殊的诉讼参与人。该制度对于保障控辩平等对抗，维护司法公正意义重大。，立法的规定过于笼统和原则，有必要对刑事专家辅助人制度的基本问题进行研究。本文从专家辅助人概述、专家辅助人的诉讼地位、专家辅助人的立场、专家辅助人的聘请主体与意见功能、专家辅助人参加诉讼的程序、专家辅助人意见的证明六个方面进行了论证，力图在新《刑事诉讼法》正式实施后为实务部门的实践操作提供参考。     

谈道路交通事故鉴定的类型及其知识构成

道路交通事故鉴定在交通事故处理中,起着至关重要的作用。怎样认识交通事故鉴定的类型,是当事人及事故处理人员非常关切的问题。文章依据法律法规的规定,系统地论述了我国现阶段的交通事故鉴定的类型及鉴定人知识的构成类型。     

司法鉴定人资格刍议

公安机关的司法鉴定工作是由公安机关设置的各级刑事科学技术部门承担 ,鉴定工作的主要内容为刑事科学技术鉴定。鉴定人的身份是人民警察 ,他们肩负着为刑事侦查提供方向和线索 ,为审判提供科学证据的职责 ,其工作职能是由法律赋予公安机关的侦查权所决定的 ,其资格认定有条件限制 ,受法律保护。     

运用关键字搜索法进行硬盘录像的底层恢复

目的建立硬盘录像视频的恢复方法。方法运用关键字搜索法从底层数据中确定文件头、尾标志,进而恢复出视频文件。结果运用关键字搜索法能够成功地进行硬盘录像的底层数据恢复。结论关键字搜索法是行之有效的硬盘录像底层数据的恢复方法。     

Relevance analysis using revision identifier in MS word

Electronic documents often contain personal or confidential information, which can be used as valuable evidence in criminal investigations. In the digital investigation, special techniques are required for grouping and screening electronic documents, because it is challenging to analyze relationships between numerous documents in storage devices manually. To this end, although techniques such as keyword search, similarity search, topic modeling, metadata analysis, and document clustering are continually being studied, there are still limitations for revealing the relevance of documents. Specifically, metadata used in previous research are not always values present in the documents, and clustering methods with specific keywords may be incomplete because text‐based contents (including metadata) can be easily modified or deleted by users. In this work, we propose a novel method to efficiently group Microsoft Office Word 2007+ (MS Word) files by using revision identifier (RSID). Through a thorough understanding of the RSID, examiners can predict organizations to which a specific user belongs, and further, it is likely to discover unexpected interpersonal relationships. An experiment with a public dataset (GovDocs) provides that it is possible to categorize documents more effectively by combining our proposal with previously studied methods. Furthermore, we introduce a new document tracking method to understand the editing history and movement of a file, and then demonstrate its usefulness through an experiment with documents from a real case.     

浅析我国刑事诉讼中的司法鉴定向题

司法鉴定是我国刑事诉讼法领域的一个热点话题,司法鉴定体制改革已刻不容缓。我国《刑事诉讼法》以及相关的规定、解释等文件中都对其有所规定。在我国司法实践中,司法鉴定方面有许多问题突出的表现在鉴定人、鉴定结论和与之相关的方面,本文将对这些问题予以分析。