现代版权法上的权利穷竭

现代版权法的权利穷竭原则意味着一旦作品的原件或是复制件经权利人同意而进入市场后 ,该作品作为商品的进一步销售 ,著作权人均无权控制。随着我国《著作权法》的修改 ,中国著作权制度虽都已符合了TRIPS规定和国际公约的保护标准 ,但仍然存在因科技进步所带来的法律难题。我国应在版权立法中借鉴欧盟和美国等国家的版权立法 ,明确权利穷竭不能适应于国际著作权作品贸易 ;同时也规定网络传输作品不适应于权利穷竭原则。     

Estimating Individual Contributions to Complex DNA SNP Mixtures.,

High‐throughput sequencing (HTS) of large panels of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) provides an alternative or complimentary approach to short tandem repeats (STRs) panels for the analysis of complex DNA mixture forensic samples. For STRs, methods to estimate individual contribution concentrations compare capillary electrophoresis peak heights, peak areas, or HTS allele read counts within a mixture. This article introduces three approaches (mean, median, and slope methods) for estimating individual DNA contributions to forensic mixtures for HTS/massively parallel sequencing (MPS) SNP panels. For SNPs, the major:minor allele ratios or counts, unique to each contributor, were compared to estimate contributor proportion within the mixture using the mean, median, and slope intercept for these alleles. The estimates for these three methods were typically within 5% of planned experimental contributions for defined mixtures.     

Parallel publics? Support for income redistribution in times of economic crisis

This article investigates the dynamics of support for income redistribution in Europe. With European Social Survey data spanning 2006 to 2012, it assesses whether the Great Recession resulted in substantial parallelism or increasing polarisation in preference change across various sub‐publics. After introducing hypotheses based on claims that social groups are affected differently by economic insecurity, the article proceeds in two empirical sections. First, whereas prior research suggests that hard times fuel diverging attitudinal patterns, it is found that income groups, ideological groups and educational groups did not shift differently over time during the first years of the crisis, thus providing strong evidence for the ‘parallel publics’ hypothesis in the European context and in times of economic turmoil. Next, the article addresses the extent to which change in aggregate support for redistribution came from changes in small minorities of the population, supposed to be more responsive to their economic environment. Using multilevel analysis, it is shown that the most educated significantly contributed to the overall change more than the others. As a result, they may have been partly driving the economic mood during the first years of the Great Recession.     

对朝鲜民主主义人民共和国引进外资的分析

朝鲜人民民主主义共和国在对外经贸合作中,曾在70年代至90年代期间实施了对外引资政策.目前,为了实现经济强国目标,正积极与世界各国建立外交联系,打破孤立状态,吸引外国资本,促进朝鲜经济发展.     

Aid and state-building,Part I: South Korea and Taiwan

Under what conditions does foreign aid in the aftermath of war foster state-building? This article argues that institutional legacy and continuity and the politics of aid may matter. In the aftermath of war, for an aid regime to reinforce state-building, it may need to ensure continuity in the strength of the state and to use recipient mechanisms and finance policies that generate a greater state capacity. The existence and continuity of a Weberian state may increase the likelihood of effective state-building. If the state is relatively strong, with a Weberian bureaucracy, aid can further reinforce it when aid is spent through national systems or is aligned with local priorities, with efforts to ensure that the recipient leaders reinforce state effectiveness by implementing policies that may require greater state capacity. Evidence for this argument is provided through pairwise comparison of state-building patterns between South Korea and Taiwan.     

我国海事诉讼中引入禁诉令制度的思 考简

基于海事法律关系跨国性、流动性的特点，海事诉讼中极易出现国际平行诉讼的情形。对此，学界有观点提出应当引入源于英美法系的禁诉令制度，以解决我国海事诉讼中的国际平行诉讼冲突问题。但实践中禁诉令的使用却可能面临可操作性和实际效果受限严重的问题。因此，可考虑先以《海事诉讼特别程序法》中的海事强制令制度暂行禁诉令的功能，从而循序渐进地开展在我国海事诉讼中引入禁诉令制度的尝试。     

坚持与时俱进 克服僵化思想学习“个代表”—重要思想几个问题的思考

“三个代表”重要思想是与时俱进的理论,与四项基本原则之间是彼此联系、相互贯通的统一关系。“两个先锋队”的提法是我们党一贯的思想,没有模糊党的工人阶级先锋队性质,更不意味着党要成为“全民党”。我们要正确理解吸收新的社会阶层中的优秀分子入党的含义及其与保持党的先进性的关系等问题。     

21世纪日本对外能源战略

本文依据关于日本能源方面的新数据,揭示了日本能源进口、利用效率、能源结构和战略储备等新情况。阐述了日本的新国家能源战略,及其基于这一战略的对外能源战略和能源外交。分析日本实行对能源生产国家进行大规模能源合作与国际能源协调的外交政策。提出了包括实现能源来源多元化、加强与传统油气重点地区及国家关系等在内的日本国际能源战略五大方向。并对日本的国际能源战略的动机、效果和战略的恰当与否进行了深入评析。     

欧盟商标产品平行进口的法律问题

商标产品平行进口一直是世界各国知识产权法领域探讨的热点问题之一.欧盟有关该问题的立法与实践对我国具有颇多的借鉴意义.欧盟在立法中明确允许欧盟范围内商标产品的平行进口,而对于欧盟范围外商标产品的平行进口问题争议很大,通过几个有典型意义的案例进行分析,从中可以窥探到欧盟立法者的态度及欧盟立法动向.     

朝鲜国外科技引进现状及其发展趋势

进入20世纪90年代末期,朝鲜对作为经济发展的助推器和起关键作用的科学技术政策的调整格外重视,先后出台了一系列促进科技发展的新政策,其中突出强调扩大同国外科技合作和引进先进技术对经济发展的重要性,使朝鲜在同国外科技合作方面发展较快。今后,朝鲜对外科技合作政策应是趋向较开放型的,重点是引进符合经济发展和利于提高整体科技水平的先进技术。