大学生志愿者社区服务功能定位和服务机制略论

大学生志愿者社区服务是青年志愿者行动在社会主义市场经济条件下的拓展与深化,是城市文明社区创建的重要举措。这一活动受到广泛认同和支持,是基于其恰如其份的功能定位;不断发展,具有强大的生命力,是基于对其有效运作机制的不断探索。     

中国青年志愿者行动与和谐社会的构建

党的十六届四中全会提出了构建社会主义和谐社会这一新的重要命题。中国青年志愿者行动在观念弘扬、实践运作、组织模式以及公民意识的培养上对我们构建社会主义和谐社会做出了可贵探索。在构建社会主义和谐社会视阈下认识和评估中国青年志愿者行动,不仅对于中国青年志愿者行动的发展具有指导意义,而且对于社会主义和谐社会的构建也有着非常重要的探索价值。     

The promotion of peace education through guides in peace museums. A case study of the Kyoto Museum for World Peace,Ritsumeikan University

This paper focuses on how peace education at a peace museum is promoted by a volunteer guide service for visitors. Peace museums are places where many materials related to war and peace history are on display. To support the learning experience of museum visitors, many peace museums in Japan provide a volunteer guide service. The Kyoto Museum for World Peace, Ritsumeikan University, started such a service more than 20 years ago. A citizens’ group, called Friends for Peace, is in charge of the museum guide activities in cooperation with the museum. This article explains the purposes and nature of the service, and also reports on a survey of similar services offered by other peace museums in Japan.     

Gender differences in European volunteer rates

The main goal of this research is to identify the reasons for gender differences in European volunteer rates in different types of voluntary organisations. To that end, we focus in volunteer rates at individual and national levels. We have drawn our data from the European Values Survey (EVS, 1999 and 2008). We have employed Logit models carrying out independent estimations for the individual likelihood of working as a volunteer for four categories: social awareness, professional, education and social justice. We have carried out independent estimations and we have also repeated estimations by gender subsamples. Our main result is that social factors might be even more relevant for decisions to volunteer than individual socio-economic factors. Specifying the peer group as much as possible allows better control of social variables. For example, studying the female volunteer rate is more relevant to control for the female national NGO membership rate than the total national rate. We also highlight important gender differences. For example, education is positively correlated with decisions to volunteer for both genders in all categories, but the educational effect is stronger for men in relation to professional activities and stronger for women in relation to social awareness and social justice activities.     

Vigilante justice and informal policing in post-Euromaidan Ukraine

During and after the Euromaidan, the Ukrainian society experienced an emergence of non-state groups that combined elements of civic activism and paramilitarism. They operated independently from the state and often used extra-legal violence to restore law and order, deliver justice, and protect Ukraine from external and internal threats. Their conduct closely resembles vigilantism. This article draws on the body of criminological and sociological research on vigilantism in order to understand the diverse landscape of vigilante groups in post-Euromaidan Ukraine. It explores the complex relationship between the most representative vigilante groups, the Ukrainian government, and the political and business elites; analyzes the legal boundaries of vigilantism in Ukraine; and discusses the outcomes of vigilante justice for democratic consolidation, rule of law, and human rights. This article offers a new paradigm for theorizing popular mobilization in Ukraine and sheds light on important dimensions of the formation of an informal system of policing and justice.     

河北省参与"西部计划"大学生志愿者情况调查分析

对2003年河北省服务西部大学生志愿者的调查表明,他们参与"西部计划"的动机主要为"国家需要"、"自我锻炼",98%的志愿者表示对未来1～2年的服务"有信心",多数志愿者表示服务期满后会考虑继续留在西部.同时,调查也发现服务期满后的就业问题是这些志愿者最担忧的问题.     

社区志愿服务的类型、内容与形式

中国社区志愿服务发展迄今，已经逐步形成了相对完善的覆盖面和服务领域，开发出丰富的服务类型、内容和形式其服务类型主要是救济型、互助型、公共服务型、公民参与型；并探讨了社区志愿服务的内容，以及社区志愿服务的形式。     

日美两国大学生志愿者活动及其启示

大学生是志愿服务工作的重要参与者,优化大学生志愿服务工作,对于提升社会志愿服务的整体水平具有重要意义。日、美两国的大学生志愿服务有很多值得我们学习和借鉴的经验。通过梳理日、美两国大学生志愿者活动的基本情况,总结和提炼两国高校的志愿者活动,对我国大学生志愿者活动有一定启示和作用。     

台湾义工组织发展的法律分析与制度借鉴

发展现代义工组织对构建和谐社会具有重要的作用。文章用法律的视角剖析台湾地区义工组织的发展特点和模式,提出在制度和组织运作方面应借鉴和学习台湾地区义工组织的先进经验,以期进一步完善大陆义工组织的发展思路。     

论首都特色禁毒文化的构建

首都特色禁毒文化是以首都独特的政治、经济、文化等为背景,结合首都禁毒形势、规律及特点,利用和创建的各种形式文化活动的总称。创作别具一格的禁毒文艺产品、充分利用高等院校资源开展禁毒活动、建设禁毒教育基地、启动禁毒志愿者工程等都是首都特色禁毒文化的表现形式,这些禁毒文化产品是抵制毒品亚文化侵袭的根本措施。要想切实发挥首都禁毒文化的作用,必须将禁毒文化建设作为一项长期战略不断扩展和深化,必须加大禁毒文化理念和禁毒文化产品的宣传力度和广度,必须建立相应的机制作为保障。