多元主义立场旨趣辨微——在尼采与当代多元主义思潮之间

尼采是较早从本体论意义上讨论多元主义立场的价值意义的思想家。他认为,基督教与欧洲传统的形而上学内在地都包含有某种一元论的线性思维,并以此规划、压抑丰富的人性。因此,一元论的思想方式是需要加以反对的。以此为基础,他提出了复合多元主义的构想。当代流行的多元主义思潮虽受到过尼采学说的深刻影响,但在价值旨趣上则与尼采的思想有较大差异。     

A Distant Hand Fell from His Shoulder

This essay is concerned to trace a materialist current within the work of Peter Goodrich, with the aim of evaluating it in the light of the work of Deleuze and Guattari. The are two reasons for this: firstly, it serves to encourage the development of Deleuzean perspectives within critical legal studies, and secondly, it presents the potential of a re-invigoration of a branch of criticism based not only upon the problems raised by issues of meaning and representation, but one which is also sensitive to the conditions of the relations of production of both meaning and desire. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

尼采透视主义中的生命哲学和实证主义精神

尼采将自己的认识论定义为透视主义,透视主义将一切放到生命的体验中来考察,透视主义是一种对生命的直观,直观中艺术、科学、价值一体。透视主义用一句简单的话表达就是：没有真理,只有解释。这个论断隐含着尼采的实证主义立场,实证主义认为认识只是一种功能,真理没有不变的形而上学的本质,存在的只是我们对事实的价值设定透视主义与对主体性的反思相连,尼采认为,主体的观念本身就是人为的虚构。     

Aftereffects of Knowledge: Dogmatic Retreats and Sceptical Adventures

Abstract

A distinction between nature and culture is usually thought to be a condition of possibility of criticism. The idea is that, in comparison to natural laws, norms and conventions are merely relative and, therefore, susceptible to criticism and change. This paper contests this view and argues that critical practice is still possible, and even more productive, when nature and culture are seen to be continuous with one another. A general contrast is developed between ‘dogmatic’ and ‘sceptical’ modes of criticism. The suggestion is that theorists as diverse as Jürgen Habermas and Judith Butler adopt the dogmatic approach. An alternative, sceptical critical mode is elaborated in connection with Nietzsche and the ancient sceptics. This sceptical approach is based upon an identity between nature and culture, and has affinities with the aesthetic emphasis of some contemporary political theory.     

从历史维度看尼采生命哲学——以《悲剧的诞生》为例

尼采的生命哲学在历史上产生了重大影响,但学者大都从尼采中期和晚期的著作中研究尼采的生命哲学。通过对形而上学历史的分析,再以尼采《悲剧的诞生》这部早期著作为例可以说明尼采的哲学是依照历史发展而来的,他一生的生命哲学思想具有统一性。尼采哲学的首要贡献是实现了存在哲学向价值哲学的影响。     

War and Splendour

Abstract

Collective performances cannot be understood only from the intentions of the organizers, participants and bystanders, and from their historical, political, economic and ideological contexts. Cultural performances close in on themselves and evolve with their own logic: that of ceremony and festival in which their own scenes of splendour, dance and war adjust to one another.     

后形而上学与后现代主义

"现代性"以"元叙事"为其特征,后现代性是对元叙事的颠覆."客观化假定"和"决定论假定"是现代性的两个最基本的哲学原理,黑格尔哲学的叙事是现代性的典型叙事.尼采以一种既"野蛮"又"学术"的方式,通过对真理信念和禁欲理想的谱系考察,拨去了长久以来笼罩在现代思想上的神圣光圈.海德格尔通过对西方形而上学的内在摧毁,将尼采审美理想实现的契机成功地从神话学领域转移至哲学领域.这一切表明,尼采、海德格尔及其后继者力图建构的,是一种新形态的形而上学.由这种形而上学支撑的社会思潮,就叫作后现代主义.     

What if morality should turn out to be the danger of dangers?1 Global ethics terrorism and the growth of ignorance

Abstract

Two characteristic features of the age of globalisation are (i) the increasing areas that are being moralised and an inflation in the production of discourses on ethics, and with it (ii) an increase in the salience of nonsense in public discourse and mass media content. While scholars and media pundits argue that the proliferation of discourses about morality and global ethics is aimed at moral regeneration and an elimination of nonsense, this article argues that on the contrary, the proliferation of moralising and the formulation of codes of ethics result in an increase of nonsense in public discourse and are eliminating freedom of speech and critical scholarship. Taking a Nietzschean and Machiavellian perspective, this article seeks to unveil the discourse on ethics as a strategy and tactic in the global clash of civilizations, whereby moralising and ethics are used as weapons of war. Today the fabrication of politically correct global ethics is an intellectual treason and poses a greater danger than terrorism.     

The Presence of Tragedy

Abstract

This paper argues that modernity can only be properly understood when tragedy is viewed as one of the conditions internal to it. Modernity and tragedy are not mutually exclusive, as Hegel and Schlegel, for example both argue, but mutually inclusive. Each is determined by the other—as tragic modernity and as modern tragedy.     

非道德主义的道德--尼采道德哲学研究

尼采批判了基督教的道德观，其道德哲学实现了道德理念上的三个根本转变：从宗教道德转向市俗道德；从奴隶道德转向自主道德；从消极软弱的道德转向积极向上的强力道德。虽然尼采站在精神贵族立场上渲染的某些种族主义观点曾为德国法西斯主义所利用，起了很坏的作用，但他所倡导的强的道德观，代表着一种创造的、进取的、不停地超越的、无神论的道德理念，确有其合理之处。