斯皮瓦克"属下"研究及其女性主义文学批评——基于性别和种族的双重视角

斯皮瓦克在其著名的"三位女性的文本以及对帝国主义的批判"论文中,从后殖民女性主义的立场重读文学经典,对三部西方女性小说文本进行后殖民批评和分析,并将"属下不能发言"的政治伦理运用到对文学文本的批判阅读之中。斯皮瓦克以性别和种族的双重视角,对西方白人女性文学文本进行后殖民解读和充满洞见的批评,对后殖民批评有着独特的贡献和重大意义,不仅拓展了女性主义文学批评空间,并且丰富和发展了后殖民批评理论。斯皮瓦克所倡导和践行的文学、文化批评的政治伦理观以及对帝国主义的批判,使她成为一位颇具影响和独树一帜的后殖民女性主义批评家。     

Postcolonial Interventions: Gayatri Spivak,Three Wise Men and the Native Informant

Abstract

This article responds to Terry Eagleton's claim that Spivak's latest book, A Critique of Postcolonial Reason, works against the intent of postcolonial criticism. Reading the work as a search for a just representational strategy, we explore the implications of Spivak's engagement with philosophy - Kant, Hegel, and Marx. As a disciplinary machine, philosophy produces Western subjects who are engendered by simultaneously including and excluding the other. Working through this production of the double location of the ‘other’ we suggest that systematic thought is inhabited by an absence that is present within, a disturbing otherness that ultimately questions authority and stability, and opens up the question of politics and representation. Drawing Spivak into the representational problematic opened up by Lyotard, we suggest that a responsible postcolonial intervention can be performed in the difficult exergue between representability and unrepresentability. In this account, representation is open to invention, to finding new idioms for articulating otherness.