交通成本、消费者选择与旅游目的地发展

交通成本在旅游者目的地选择中的重要性,取决于交通成本在旅游总成本中所占比例的大小。假如其它的旅游费用相对于交通费用较高,那么,交通费用在目的地选择中的重要性就被大大地减弱了。一般来说,旅游距离的增加往往引起交通费用的增加,交通费用在旅游总费用中的比重也会相应增加。因此,如果一个旅游地想吸引较远客源地的游客,就必须设法降低两地间的交通成本。     

四川藏族青年相貌特征的探讨

抽样调查50例四川藏族青年相貌图片资料为研究素材,对四川藏族青年相貌的典型特征进行了归类、总结与探讨,它对充实中国人相貌识别技术基础理论的研究内容、科学研究中国少数民族的相貌识别与检验技术,以及刑侦人像组合软件在我国少数民族地区的推广应用,具有一定的参考价值。     

“I am concerned with the future of my children”: the project economy and shifting views of education in a Tibetan pastoral community

Tibetan pastoralists have been subject to large-scale state-led development policies over the past three decades. The provisioning of institutionalized state schooling, in particular, has all along been part and parcel of these development projects, including urbanization and resettlement initiatives. However, for a variety of reasons, the promotion of schooling in Tibetan pastoral areas has been a challenge since the first Maoist efforts in 1950s. By focusing on a case study of a Buddhist monk’s persistent effort to build a primary school in his home village in the eastern region of Tibet in 1990, and on how Tibetan villagers’ views of him and his school project have changed over time, this paper examines the nexus of relationships between schooling, and social and cultural changes in pastoral Tibet. I also aim to relate Tibetan pastoralists’ shifting values of schooling to the larger social and political context, particularly the ubiquitous Chinese xiangmu (project) economy and Tibetan pastoralists’ ever-increasing dependence on the state. This paper argues that although state schooling is highly contested, it has been one of the driving forces of social change in Tibetan pastoral areas today.     

文化遗产廊道构建的理论与实践——以滇藏茶马古道为例

文化遗产廊道是国际遗产保护界内专门针对大尺度、跨区域、综合性线状文化遗产保护的新思维与新方法。面对滇藏茶马古道屡遭破坏的严重事实,构建文化遗产廊道保护战略将茶马古道及古道上的遗产单体纳入区域性整体保护体系是极其重要且必要的。以遗产廊道理论为基础,文化遗产廊道在概念、内涵及建构模式方面形成自身的理论框架,在此框架下,须采取多项措施保障以滇藏茶马古道为对象而进行的文化遗产廊道的构建实践,以期为我国类似于茶马古道的线状遗产保护提供有效借鉴。     

道路交通管理“教学练战一体化”教学模式设计——以西藏警官高等专科学校为例

西藏警专道路交通管理专业培养“公安基层部门从事道路交通管理的应用型人才”，选择“教学练战一体化”的教学模式是符合西藏警专人才培养和实际需求的教学模式。发挥其应用作用的关键在于充分了解西藏道路交通管理的需求和培养学生应该具备的职业素质和能力，并据此设计良性互动的环节，教是基础，学是关键，练是保证，战是导向。     

中国西藏与南亚边贸问题探讨

本文分析了中国西藏与南亚边贸发展的状况,探讨了影响中国西藏与南亚边贸攀升的主要因素,在此基础上针对性的提出了进一步扩大中国西藏与南亚边境贸易的若干措施。     

中国化马克思主义民族理论在西藏的实践--纪念西藏自治区成立四十周年

总结历史,立足现实,中央人民政府和西藏地方政府签订和平解放西藏的"十七条协议",和平解放西藏.立足民族平等,消除民族隔阂,加强藏、汉民族团结,强调民族工作要"慢",不能急躁,采取灵活、"慎重、稳进"的方针开展工作.实行民族区域自治是中国共产党和毛泽东解决民族问题的基本主张.坚定不移的实行民族区域自治,藏族人民在政治上实现当家作主.帮助西藏发展经济和社会各项事业.尊重藏民族的生活习惯,保障宗教信仰自由.对达赖喇嘛的基本立场和态度是,停止独立活动,欢迎他回来.     

“西藏问题”国际化及“文化藏独”危害性探析

＂西藏问题＂国际化既与国际格局变化有关,又与全球化放大宗教对国际关系影响有关。西方国家吹捧达赖和达赖借助西方表达＂政治诉求＂二者相互倚重,各取所需,各有所图。达赖能够博取西方社会一定的同情和支持,与其运用＂高超＂宣传技巧分不开。达赖明知＂急独＂不成、＂和谈＂无望,故采取了类似＂台独＂的策略——渐进式＂文化藏独＂,其现实危害不容小觑。     

Articulating language oppression: colonialism,coloniality and the erasure of Tibet’s minority languages

ABSTRACT

Roche’s article discusses ‘language oppression’ as a form of domination that is coherent with other forms of oppression along the lines of ‘race’, nation, colour and ethnicity. Scholars have defined language oppression as the ‘enforcement of language loss by physical, mental, social and spiritual coercion’. It is part of an evolving suite of concepts from linguistics, sociolinguistics and linguistic anthropology that examines issues of language discrimination, or ‘linguicism’. Roche explores one aspect of linguicism—language erasure—and how it relates to language oppression, focusing on Tibetans in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). He examines how language oppression is produced through practices of erasure: the ways in which certain populations and their languages are systematically rendered discursively invisible. He argues that the erasure of certain languages in the Tibetan context is systematically reproduced by two otherwise opposed political projects: the colonial project of the PRC state; and the international Tibet movement that seeks to resist it. He refers to the contingent cooperation between these two opposed projects as ‘articulated oppression’. In concluding the article he examines how the disarticulation of this oppression is a necessary condition for the emancipation of Tibet’s minority languages, and discusses the broader significance of this study for understanding language oppression, and its relation to other forms of oppression.     

内地西藏班(校)学生的跨文化适应

跨文化适应是指身处异文化环境中的个体或群体有意识、有倾向地调整自己的心理活动和行为方式,以便更好地融入异文化的过程,分为社会文化适应和心理适应两个维度。前者以学习适应、生活适应和交往适应为标志;后者以主观幸福感和心理健康为指标,内地西藏班(校)学生的跨文化适应状况是喜少忧多,在诸多方面适应不良。造成这种状况的根源是文化中断。从外部加强社会支持、缩短文化距离,消除歧视与偏见;从内部确立合理的评价与应对方式,增加与文化相关的知识技能,是应对跨文化适应不良的有效措施。