Free Wheel,Free Will! The Effects of Bikeshare Systems on Urban Commuting Patterns in the U.S.

Urban bikeshare systems have become increasingly popular in the U.S. in recent years. In this paper, I examine the effects of bikeshare systems on patterns of commuting to and from work in U.S. cities. To study this, I link cities across 2008 through 2016 American Community Survey (ACS) data and estimate the effects of bikeshare systems using both individual-level ACS records and city panel data. Event-study estimates suggest that bikeshare systems lead to a rise in bicycle commuting to and from work, and the effects of bikeshare systems are statistically and economically significant. I also find evidence of modal shifts after the introduction of bikeshare systems: While bicycle commuting rates increase, there is a decline in automobile commuting to and from work.     

Re‐imagining Geographic Labour Mobility through ‘Distance Labour’

Geographic labour mobility is necessary for increasing productivity in Australia. Long‐distance commuting has been found to be especially significant. However, important considerations are being excluded from policy discussions within the Productivity Commission on this topic. This commentary covers these important omissions. They are, namely, the problematic conflation of the terminologies of ‘fly‐in, fly‐out’ and ‘long‐distance commuting’ with mining, and a lack of qualitative research investigating the material impacts of these labour practices on people's lives. This commentary puts forward a new terminology, ‘distance labour’, to better include those industries on the margins of distance commuting. By accounting for the social worlds of workers engaged in distance labour, the Productivity Commission could increase the validity of its datasets, and provide more egalitarian policy recommendations.     

通勤事故工伤认定标准探析

通勤事故工伤认定标准的设定直接关系到劳动者利益的保护，具有重要的现实意义。我国《工伤保险条例》对此类工伤的认定存在着标准过高、可操作性不强等问题，不利于劳动者利益的保护，需要从时间标准、路线标准、原因标准三个角度，对其进行发展与完善。     

论我国减刑、假释审理程序的正当化——从诉讼法学的角度

从程序的正当化内容及其要求出发,分析我国司法实践中办理减刑、假释案件时存在的违反正当程序要求的现象及其发生原因,并从诉讼法的角度提出了我国减刑、假释程序正当化的改革措施.     

试论减刑制度的运作机制

减刑的适用范围包括监禁犯和非监禁犯。适用减刑的根本性条件由三个基本元素组成,即悔改表现、立功表现以及重大立功表现。目前,我国减刑运作机制中存在着减刑标准过于量化、人为规定减刑比例、减刑权属不明以及监外执行罪犯减刑考察制度不健全等问题。应从完善计分考核制度、废止人为限制减刑比例的规定、重新配置减刑权和完善非监禁刑考察制度等方面对减刑运作机制进行改革和完善。     

论“判前赔偿减刑”制度及其适用

近年来，“判前赔偿减刑”的做法在某些地方法院审理刑事案件中时有所见，对此，社会和学界褒贬不一，对其合法性提出了质疑。实际上．“判前赔偿减刑”符合法律规定，符合立法精神，也符合刑事政策。它能促使被告人积极赔偿、有效安慰和救济被害人，对构建恢复性司法制度具有积极意义。当然，在适用中，应严格把握住适用条件，并依法定程序进行，使之发挥应有的积极作用。