Eyes wide shut? Reforming and defusing checks and balances in Argentina

How effective are autonomous audit agencies (AAAs) in curbing corruption and improving fiscal governance in emerging economies? AAAs are autonomous oversight agencies tasked with scrutinising government finances. However, they are not as effective as they could or should be, partly because of the political constraints they face and the political economy context in which they are embedded. This article assesses the performance and trajectory of the Argentine AAA. It suggests that AAAs can have only a limited impact when formal fiscal institutions are undermined by informal practices and undercut by adverse political incentives. It further highlights the limits of radical reform strategies based on the import of exogenous institutional models. This research has important research and policy implications for the reform and strengthening of AAAs in developing countries. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

试论刑事诉讼法律监督工作机制的完善

刑事诉讼监督权是检察机关诉讼监督权的核心,包括侦查监督权、刑事审判监督权、刑罚执行监督权,其中,侦查监督权包含刑事立案监督权.诉讼监督机制是实现诉讼监督权,达到诉讼监督效果的途径.为解决影响司法公正的突出问题,应在现有法律框架内,对刑事诉讼监督机制予以完善与创新.     

论立法监督的价值

本文首先对立法监督的内涵进行了介绍，在对相关学说分析的基础上阐述了自己的观点，并对立法监督的对象和内容进行了总结；其次主要探讨了立法监督的价值，从法治、法律移植、立法质量三个角度剖析了立法监督的价值；最后指明了重视立法监督制度对我国建设社会主义和谐社会的现实意义。     

我国保障性住房制度建设的进展、 问题与对策简

我国的保障性住房制度建设起步于上世纪90年代末,在2005年以后进入快速发展和不断完善阶段.建设保障性住房是弥补市场缺陷、减少社会矛盾、实现社会公平、促进社会和谐的重要战略举措之一,各级政府部门在其中扮演着重要角色,担负着重要职责.当前,我国在保障性住房制度建设方面还存在供需矛盾尖锐,法律体系建设滞后,配套政策成效有限,监管体制机制匮乏等问题.因此,充分发挥市场机制的主导作用,建立健全相关的法律法规体系,高度重视配套政策体系化建设,加快监管体制机制建设步伐,是进一步推进我国保障性住房制度建设的着力点.     

完善网络监督的几点思考

网络监督是随着互联网技术的发展而新兴的一种监督方式，它的出现有利有弊。网络监督在规范、约束政府行为、加强廉政建设等方面能够发挥积极作用。同时，在民意代表性上存在质疑；在非理性参与导致政府公信力下降、对正常长效监督机制的冲击等方面，网络监督也存在着消极影响。畅通政府与社会沟通机制，网络监督与体制监督的对接，建立健全网络监管机制，加大电子政务网站建设等措施是完善网络监督的有效途径。     

强化食品安全中政府的监管责任

政府承担食品安全监管责任是维护公民生命健康权、提升政府公信力的需要和维护社会稳定的需要。近几年来,我国食品安全问题屡屡被媒体曝光,反映出食品安全中政府监管责任的缺失,主要表现为规范食品安全法律法规的责任缺失,实施监管执法的责任缺失,推进信息公开的责任缺失,进行诚信宣传教育的责任缺失。因此,强化我国食品安全中政府监管责任,必须健全食品安全法律法规,强化食品安全执法责任,构建透明公开的食品安全信息体系,不断推动社会诚信体系建设。     

Peer‐Reviewed Forensic Consultation in Practice: Multidisciplinary Oversight in Common Expertise

The fallibility of forensic science consultation is an ongoing and major justice concern. Prospective peer‐reviewed forensic consultation has over 10 years of application in American criminal and civil courts, adapting from the traditional oversight of teaching hospitals, rules of evidence and discovery, conventions of testimony of expert witnesses, and attorneys' overall trial strategy. In systematizing heightened oversight, this process ensures greater accountability in forensic science consultation. The integration of peer reviewers' complementary expertise and experience enhances the sophistication and overall quality of assessment. Forensic examination frequently involves the interface of different specialties. Multidisciplinary peer review augments expert proficiency with that of professional peers having different vantage points from relevant scientific disciplines. This approach ensures greater sophistication of a case inquiry, built‐in accountability, and streamlined processes when multiple experts are necessitated. Here, the authors present examples of several cases and the primary and secondary benefits of this collaborative, rigorous, cross‐disciplinary exercise.     

Oversight Effectiveness and Political Will: Some Lessons from West Africa

The purpose of the present note is to advance two theoretical claims. The first claim proposed is that the impact of the availability of oversight tools and of the most broadly understood legislative capacity (availability of material, technical, financial resources; availability of well-trained staff) on the effectiveness with which legislative oversight is performed is conditional. The second claim put forward, after reviewing a rich body of work on executive–legislative relations and legislative oversight in West Africa, is that, of the various conditions that promote or prevent the effective use of oversight tools and capacity, political will is the single most important. These claims have both theoretical and practical relevance, for if political will is as important as is claimed for the effective performance of the oversight function, then international organisations may have to reconsider their approach to legislative strengthening.     

Legislative oversight in Nigeria: an empirical review and assessment

This article builds upon and extends the analyses presented by Fashagba (2009) and drills down on the analyses of oversight in Nigeria presented by Pelizzo and Stapenhurst (2014). It presents more nuanced findings. Based on an in-country document search and 45 personal interviews with politicians, parliamentary staff, civil society representatives and journalists, the article demonstrates that the Nigerian National Assembly possesses the tools and constitutional powers to undertake oversight; what it lacks so far is the political will of National Assembly representatives and senators to use these tools and powers effectively.     

司法人员徇私枉法犯罪的特点、成因及对策分析

司法人员作为国家机器的重要组成部分,其素质如何直接关系到我国的政局稳定和社会主义和谐社会的建设进程,特别是近年来司法人员徇私枉法犯罪有上升趋势,因此,针对个别司法人员的徇私枉法犯罪情况,进行实事求是的剖析,从中找出特点和成因,并有针对性地提出对策,显得非常必要。本文通过对司法人员徇私枉法犯罪的特点、成因及遏制司法人员徇私枉法犯罪的对策进行分析,论述了司法人员徇私枉法犯罪的防范机制。从而有效防止司法人员徇私枉法犯罪的发生。