Local government projectification in practice – a multiple institutional logic perspective

ABSTRACT

During the last couple of decades, we have witnessed a proliferation of the project as an organizational solution in sectors as diverse as IT, housing, social services, education and culture. Despite a growing interest in the phenomenon, we know surprisingly little of how processes of public sector projectification unfold in practice, especially at local government level. This article uses an institutional logic perspective to illustrate and argue that public sector projectification can be understood and conceptualized as the enactment of multiple, co-existing institutional logics, but where one particular logic is of growing importance – the project logic. It is argued that even though the project form is often perceived as more flexible than that of the bureaucracy, the practical outcome seldom represents a radical break with traditional, bureaucratic management models. Rather, it appears to aid a rediscovery and reuse of central bureaucratic practices and procedures such as reporting, documentation and standardization.     

行业协会的目标置换倾向及其原因分析

当前我国行业协会在发展过程中出现的三种目标置换倾向——行政化、营利化和垄断化,弱化了行业协会为所有会员服务的组织目标。官办行业协会由于在人员构成、资源来源和合法性上过多地受制于政府,因此难免出现行政化的倾向;营利化倾向的出现主要是由于协会资金短缺和专职工作人员谋求私利造成的;加入协会和创建协会的制度限制以及按企业实力筹资的方式导致了大企业对行业协会的垄断倾向。对行业协会的目标置换的分析除了具有促进行业协会健康发展的实际意义以外,还有助于深化对组织目标置换的理论研究。     

秦汉社会势力及其官僚化问题——以商人为中心的探讨

社会势力的产生是古代国家与社会关系发展过程中的必然现象。国家既利用掌握政治、经济、文化等资源的特殊地位实施统治,注重吸收、改造、利用、动员、协调各种社会力量服务于国家,又对各种可能危害统治阶级的社会势力实施控制、打击,这是我们常见的国家与社会势力之间既相统一又相矛盾的现象。实际上,历代国家的盛衰,都与其能否处理好与各种社会势力的关系有关。秦汉社会势力因其身份构成的不同、所处历史时期的不同而与国家政权的关系十分复杂而微妙,商人就是其中的代表之一。