当代马华报刊文本中的华族政治参与意识表达

本文通过对《星洲日报》和《南洋商报》及其他马华主要报刊相关言论和社论的文本分析,揭示了20世纪80-90年代期间马来西亚华人政治参与意识的变化,包括民主政治思想的启蒙,民主政治实践的探索,以及超越种族政治的发展变化过程。     

Simplified Direct PCR Method for Reference Buccal Samples Using a Non-FTA Card by Omitting the Pretreatment Step

When using non-FTA cards in commercial multiplex STR kits for direct PCR, pretreatment steps with specific buffers are recommended. Here, we designed a rapid direct PCR method utilizing a non-FTA card, Oral Cell Sampling Kit, by omitting the pretreatment step involving Prep-n-Go™ Buffer, and it showed compatibility with the GlobalFiler™ Express PCR Amplification Kit, GlobalFiler™ PCR Amplification Kit, and PowerPlex^® Fusion system. To optimize the PCR conditions, we tested the method with different final PCR volumes and cycles. Finally, we conducted a performance test using 50 Korean buccal samples and confirmed the high performance of the method, detecting more than 90% of the samples with full profiles when using GlobalFiler™ PCR Amplification Kit and PowerPlex^® Fusion system at 29 cycles in a 10 μL final PCR volume. Thus, we report a simple direct PCR set-up to analyze reference samples collected using a non-FTA card manufactured in Korea.     

再论宪法概念

宪法概念是法律事实而非社会事实,是制度事实而非自然事实,是规范事实而非生活事实,具体表现为宪法所规范的权利义务关系。它既可存在于形式宪法中,也可存在于实质宪法中,其中宪法文本是宪法概念最主要的表现形式。如果以社会学或者哲学方法进行研究,宪法文本并非不可以批判,但法学方法的宪法学是对宪法概念进行描述基础上的逻辑分析,并体系化。欲证立中国宪法概念,须以普遍性宪法价值为前提,以中国宪法文本为基础,厘定其法律含义,梳理其传承和变化过程,确立这些宪法概念的当代含义,按照我国宪法理论和法律逻辑使之体系化。这意味着对宪法概念的研究必须回到宪法文本,体系化的宪法学可称为宪法释义学。     

A novel histological technique for distinguishing between epithelial cells in forensic casework

There are a number of forensic cases in which the identification of the epithelial cell type from which DNA originated would provide important probative evidence. This study aimed to develop a technique using histological staining of fixed cells to distinguish between skin, buccal and vaginal epithelium. First, 11 different stains were screened on formalin-fixed, wax-embedded cells from five women. Samples were analysed qualitatively by examining staining patterns (colour) and morphology (absence or presence of nuclei). Three of the staining methods – Dane's, Csaba's and Ayoub-Shklar – were successful in distinguishing skin epithelial cells from buccal and vaginal. Second, cells were smeared directly onto slides, fixed with one of five fixatives and stained with one of the three stains mentioned above. Methanol fixation, coupled with the Dane's staining method, specific to keratin, was the only technique that distinguished between all three cell types. Skin cells stained magenta, red and orange and lacked nuclei; buccal cells stained predominantly orange–pink with red nuclei; while vaginal cells stained bright orange with orange nuclei and a blue extracellular hue. This staining pattern in vaginal cells was consistent in samples collected from 50 women aged between 18 and 67. Identification of cell type from unlabelled micrographs by 10 trained observers showed a mean success rate of 95%. The results of this study demonstrate that histological staining may provide forensic scientists with a technique for distinguishing between skin, buccal and vaginal epithelial cells and thus would enable more conclusive analyses when investigating sexual assault cases.     

生产者式：大众文本的特征——费斯克大众文化研究的新视野

费斯克认为,一个文本要成为大众的,就应当具备"生产者式"的特征。生产者式文本这个范畴,是用来描述"大众的作者式文本"的,对这样的文本进行"作者式"解读,不一定困难,它并未挑战读者从文本中挖掘意义,也不以它和其他文本或日常生活的惊人差异,来困扰读者。它并不将文本本身的建构法则强加于读者身上以至于读者只能依据该文本才能进行解读,而不能有自己的选择。     

珍灵口服液的主要药效与毒性研究

目的：对珍灵口服液进行主要药效及毒性研究。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）测定小鼠血清中IgG含量，采用植物血凝素（PHA）刺激淋巴细胞转化－－小鼠体内诱导法测定淋巴细胞转化率；用TBA反应比色法测定小鼠血清中脂质过氧化物（LPO）的含量，用NBT法（四氮唑蓝法）测定超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的含量；并进行了急性和长期毒性试验。结果：小鼠血清IgG含量、淋巴细胞数、红细胞内SOD含量明显升高（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）；血清中LPO含量明显降低（P＜0．05）；未见毒性反应。结论：珍灵口服液能增强机体免疫力，并具有降低机体损伤的功能，是安全有效的保健药品。     

手机电视专利布局情况分析

手机电视是指以手机为终端设备传输电视内容的一项技术或应用。近年来,国内手机电视产业发展迅速。随着奥运直播以及3G牌照的发放,手机电视受到人们的广泛关注。通过手机电视专利布局分析,为国内手机电视产业发展及相关研究提供参考。     

论法律文本及其公布

法律文本是通过文字表达立法者意图的产物,是法治国家建立法治秩序的直接甚至惟一的依据。文本的基本要求是惟一性以及文字的清晰和严谨。在法律形成的过程中,对于法律文本中的错误,可以根据立法过程的不同阶段,以不同的方式进行修订、解释和修改。我国《宪法》和《立法法》对法律文本及其公布的规定比较简单,需要针对文本形成和公布的不同的阶段加以明确和完善。其内容包括:第一,在国家主席签署前,法律文本应当由立法机关自行撤回勘误处理或修改后按表决文本重新表决处理;第二,在国家主席签署以后,法律文本仅仅涉及一般性的文字的勘误由立法机关通过勘误程序进行修改,涉及对法条意思修改的则需要通过法律修改程序进行修改;第三,媒体公布必须要等权威机关签署公布后才能发布;第四,法律的标准文本公布后,还没有实施的,应当根据法律修改的程序进行。     

An Evidence‐based Forensic Taxonomy of Windows Phone Dating Apps

Advances in technologies including development of smartphone features have contributed to the growth of mobile applications, including dating apps. However, online dating services can be misused. To support law enforcement investigations, a forensic taxonomy that provides a systematic classification of forensic artifacts from Windows Phone 8 (WP8) dating apps is presented in this study. The taxonomy has three categories, namely: Apps Categories, Artifacts Categories, and Data Partition Categories. This taxonomy is built based on the findings from a case study of 28 mobile dating apps, using mobile forensic tools. The dating app taxonomy can be used to inform future studies of dating and related apps, such as those from Android and iOS platforms.     

Author gender identification from text

Text is still the most prevalent Internet media type. Examples of this include popular social networking applications such as Twitter, Craigslist, Facebook, etc. Other web applications such as e-mail, blog, chat rooms, etc. are also mostly text based. A question we address in this paper that deals with text based Internet forensics is the following: given a short text document, can we identify if the author is a man or a woman? This question is motivated by recent events where people faked their gender on the Internet. Note that this is different from the authorship attribution problem.In this paper we investigate author gender identification for short length, multi-genre, content-free text, such as the ones found in many Internet applications. Fundamental questions we ask are: do men and women inherently use different classes of language styles? If this is true, what are good linguistic features that indicate gender? Based on research in human psychology, we propose 545 psycho-linguistic and gender-preferential cues along with stylometric features to build the feature space for this identification problem. Note that identifying the correct set of features that indicate gender is an open research problem. Three machine learning algorithms (support vector machine, Bayesian logistic regression and AdaBoost decision tree) are then designed for gender identification based on the proposed features. Extensive experiments on large text corpora (Reuters Corpus Volume 1 newsgroup data and Enron e-mail data) indicate an accuracy up to 85.1% in identifying the gender. Experiments also indicate that function words, word-based features and structural features are significant gender discriminators.