青少年网络成瘾的心理学分析

网络成瘾是随着网络社会的出现而孕育出的精神性副产品,对青少年的身心影响极为重大。其症状学特征同药物性依赖既有相同之处又有所区别。经有关调查表明,在青少年群体中有近10%～15%的受害率。其形成机制集中在内在需求、人格特征和社会人际环境三种因素上。从外在刺激作用上,由IT技术所决定了的网络结构形式和网络传送内容及它们之间的交互作用构成了网络成瘾的三大诱因。鉴于研究的初步性,研究仅从网络依赖的症状学角度来分析,同时为进一步的定量分析打下基础。     

问责性与跨域治理之条件检视与体制建构——PAM与IAD观点

地方政府间为达到资源优势的共享和资源劣势的互补，应形成一水平的合作治理关系，然却因本位主义、政党立场及缺乏信任而成效有限。笔者参考欧美公共事务相关课题领域之区域分析、项目分析、政策分析及1991至1998年于台湾高雄推动都市营销之经验等，及对应个体（个人）认知本质的判断与决策理论等，从多元社会观点切入对于个体认知及群体行为之观察，并涵盖载体存量之影响而成的PAM（Public Affairs Management）整合架构，此与Ostrom教授等发展之IAD（Institutional Analysis and Development）架构应可人体对应，本研究结合二者探讨台湾的问责性与跨域治理之条件检视与体制建构。     

对国外网络成瘾失调症研究的略述

对美国学术界和临床心理实践领域中一些有关网络成瘾失调症的症状、判断标准、成因、潜在的危害以及临床上预防和治疗的措施等研究文献进行了简略的概述.网络成瘾失调症是一个与网络使用的时间量和特定的网络应用类型密切相关的心理异常症状.象许多生活的快乐原则一样,适度的网络使用是避免网络成瘾失调症的关键.     

Motivational dilemmas in collaborative learning activities: The case of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)

Complex social and environmental problems—such as climate change, rural poverty, and over‐fishing—defy simple policy solutions. An increasing number of scholars, practitioners, and policy makers now agree that coming to grips with such problems requires more collaborative and adaptive forms of learning and decision‐making. Such approaches seek to involve a variety of stakeholders to learn about system‐level effects of past human decisions and adapt future management decisions to the lessons learned. While there are plenty of success stories at the local level, the collaborative learning approach has turned out to be difficult to implement at broader scales—in large public organizations and in society at large. This article provides an explanation for such shortcomings, arguing that the creation of collaborative learning systems is plagued by several motivational dilemmas. By systematically mapping out the institutional incentives of the potential participants in collaborative learning activities, it is argued that one can gain a better understanding of the likelihood that adaptive systems will actually work. These ideas are tested on the case of the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida). It is found that most Sida staff face conflicting incentives to engage in collaborative learning, but there are opportunities for management to strengthen such incentives. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

封闭性公共池塘资源的多层级治理——一个情景化拓展的IAD框架

对于公共池塘资源治理的讨论,学界聚焦于集体行动的自主机制,较为忽略资源的属性类型及其治理机制的差异。借助情景化拓展的IAD框架,论文考察了江西省Y县农村宅基地改革,发掘和讨论中国情景中普遍存在的封闭性公共池塘资源的治理逻辑。财政和组织资源的局限,决定了县级政府不能直接而全面地主导村庄层面的操作,转而以较具弹性的制度嵌入、涉农项目的导入、组织赋权激励以及村庄发展话语等策略,激活和引导村庄自组织的自主行动。村庄共同体强关联特性和内生凝聚力,配以县级政府的行政赋权,成为社会自组织主导的改革动能和绩效要因。研究发现,中国农村的宅基地改革,本质上是具有较强封闭性特征的公共池塘资源的多层级治理,治理有效的关键在于完善多层级的治理结构,并强化基层自组织的自主行动能力及其可持续性。论文从公共池塘资源的类型属性差异性切入,辨识中国场景中该类资源存在的较强封闭性特质,把研究焦点从自组织的集体行动扩展到其他相关主体及其行动逻辑,并立足基层实践对IAD框架情景化拓展,从而增强中国情境下治理经验的理论解释效力。