伦理身份与人的责任——重读《小艾友夫》

在《小艾友夫》中,沃尔茂对伦理身份的错误理解导致他违背了最基本的伦理规范。沃尔茂夫妇违背伦理、缺乏责任意识的行为导致了小艾友夫的死亡,小艾友夫的死说明人一旦违背伦理,背弃责任,就会导致严重的后果。艾斯达在人性因子指导下节制了的欲望,避免了伦理混乱和乱伦悲剧的发生。这说明人类只有尊重伦理,懂得用理性去节制欲望,才能避免人生的悲剧。     

Dynamics of social class contempt in contemporary British television comedy

British television comedy has often ridiculed the complexities and characteristics of social class structures and identities. In recent years, poor white socially marginalised groups, now popularly referred to as “chavs”, have become a prevalent comedy target. One of the most popular and controversial television “comedy chavs” is Little Britain's fictional teenage single mother, Vicky Pollard. This article examines the representation of Vicky Pollard in light of contemporary widespread abuse of the white working class. Highlighting the polysemic and ambivalent nature of Vicky Pollard's representation, the article argues that whilst Little Britain's characterisation of Vicky Pollard largely contributes to contemporary widespread demonisation of the working class, there are moments within Little Britain when a more sympathetic tone towards the poor working class may be read, and where chav identities are used to ridicule the pretensions, superficiality, and falsity of middle-class identities. The article concludes that television comedy has been, and continues to be, a significant vehicle through which serious concerns, anxieties, and questions about social class and class identities are discursively constructed and contested.     

“小政府”：渊源、意义及其向度

产生于19世纪西方国家建立的以低消耗的廉价政府"小政府"模式,经过历史的扬弃,发展成在权力、职能、规模上受限的政府.当代意义上的"小政府"是指机构精简、职能有限、权力受限的政府.许多对"小政府"的质疑和批判,皆源于对"小政府"的内涵误读为小政府必定不是强政府、小政府模式已陷入困境、小政府是乌托邦,没有用动态的观点去理解.只有科学理解这一模式的内涵,才能明确其对当前政府改革具有转变政府职能,建立与市场经济相适应的政府体制;培育公民社会,扩大社会自治能力,限制政府规模等指导意义.当今,政府有效性成为人们关注的核心,有效政府成为"小政府"模式发展的向度.