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1.
The recent adoption of the new E-Money Directive by the Council of the European Union has introduced key changes to European e-money legislation. The adoption of the new directive follows the European Commission's review of the original e-money directive and the market that it was intended to facilitate, which found that e-money has yet to deliver the benefits that were anticipated.  相似文献   
2.
This paper implements a methodology that exploits firms and households’ optimality conditions to measure money laundering for the Italian economy. This approach, first implemented by Ingram et al. (J Monet Econ 40:435–436, 1997) to the household production sector, and by Busato et al. (Using theory for measurement: an analysis of the behaviour of underground economy working paper, Aarhus University, 2006) for measuring the underground economy, allows to generate high frequency time-series for money laundering using a theoretical two-sector dynamic general equilibrium model calibrated over the sample 1981:01–2001:04. The analysis of the generated series suggests two main results. First, money laundering accounts for approximately 12 percent of aggregate GDP; second, money laundering is more volatile than aggregate GDP and it is negatively correlated with it.
Francesco BusatoEmail: Email:
  相似文献   
3.
货币流通速度理论是货币理论的一个重要组成部分,它对货币政策的实践具有重要的指导意义。改革开放以来我国货币流通速度长期表现出有规律逐年递减的时序特征,总结导致这一现象出现的原因有经济货币化、金融不良债权的增加、金融资产单一、地下经济规模增加等。因此,应通过大力进行金融创新的活动、实行利率市场化、缩减超额准备金率激活闲置资金、对金融企业和机构进行改革等措施改变我国货币流通速度递减的趋势,并将其维持在合适的水平。  相似文献   
4.
赌资较大问题看似简单,实则涉及到合法与违法的界线问题,只有解决了这一问题,才能更好地指导赌博违法案件的办理。  相似文献   
5.
论洗钱犯罪的社会危害性及其防范   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
洗钱犯罪是一种社会危害性极大的犯罪形式。它主要通过对金融体系的渗入使犯罪非法所得的脏钱合法化。其社会危害性主要表现为 :1 对犯罪活动的侦查设置了障碍 ,妨碍了司法追究 ;2 使财物最初合法持有的国家、企业或个人丧失了请求反还的权利 ;3 破坏金融机构的信誉 ;4 造成政治和社会秩序不稳定。措施 :1 加强对国家金融机构的监管 ;2 加强对有组织犯罪洗钱的防范 ;3 完善刑事立法 ;4 加强国际合作。  相似文献   
6.
近年来,网络赌球风潮正由我国沿海地区向内地逐步蔓延.在对网络赌球的法律治理方面,存在着诸多难题:首先,惩处普通赌客的法律力度较轻,缺乏威慑力;其次,惩处足球相关从业者、第三方支付商时缺乏合适的罪名.为了根除网络赌球带来的危害,我们应采取如下法律对策:普通赌客达到参赌数额较大的标准时将会受到刑法处罚;设立操纵体育比赛结果罪来惩治相关从业者的“假、赌、黑”行为;通过扩展洗钱罪上游犯罪罪名数目的方式将第三方支付商置于《反洗钱法》的监督之下.  相似文献   
7.
农村经济的发展离不开农村金融的支持。当前我国农村金融体系不完善,市场不成熟,金融服务不发达,市场缺乏竞争主体和竞争机制。推进农村金融改革,应坚持以农为本,建立新型农村金融组织体系,增强农村金融服务,构建良好的金融生态环境。  相似文献   
8.
当前“洗钱”作为一个全球性的问题 ,已经严重影响到全球经济的正常发展。在中国 ,“洗钱”正严重侵蚀着中国的经济基础 ,出现资本外逃、滋生腐败、带来金融市场隐患等一系列问题。通过对洗钱犯罪的概念、我国当前洗钱犯罪的新形式、我国刑法对此类犯罪的认识深化过程的分析和刑法意义上的商榷 ,以找出目前在防范洗钱犯罪方面存在的问题及应进一步采取的措施  相似文献   
9.
    
Commingling is frequently encountered in cases examined by the Committee on Missing Persons in Cyprus, and pair‐matching is routinely used as a preliminary segregation method. Here we examine the degree of bilateral asymmetry in nutrient foramen position of the radius and ulna to determine whether nutrient foramen position may be useful in visual and/or ostetometric pair‐matching. Differences in nutrient foramen position between left‐right pairs from the same individual were compared with differences in nutrient foramen position between different individuals. Bilateral asymmetry in nutrient foramen position was found to be high, indicating that it is not a reliable trait for pair‐matching. Bilateral asymmetry and between‐person variation were found to differ between the two bones examined, suggesting that nutrient foramen position in other long bones should also be tested.  相似文献   
10.
    
To this day process of identification of missing persons from skeletonized human remains with help of forensic genetics proves to be complex and challenging. The success rate of genetic identification in bones strongly depends on a combination of various factors, most importantly environmental factors and post-mortem interval. Furthermore, there are individual-specific factors that affect DNA preservation, such as race, gender, age and type of skeletal elements. The goal of our study was to optimize sampling process through determining which skeletal elements are superior in their preservation of DNA in 70-yearold skeletons belonging to victims of Second World War. We sampled different types of bones and teeth from three such skeletons found in Slovenian hidden mass grave Huda jama, 56 elements from each respective skeleton, together 168 elements. With the help of parameters, such as quantity of DNA, degradation rate and typing success, we tried to find the best types of elements to identify the victims. Prior to powdering bones and teeth, we removed contaminants. We decalcified 0.5 g bone and tooth powder followed by extraction and purification of DNA using Biorobot EZ1 (Qiagen). Quantification of obtained nuclear DNA was carried out using PowerQuant kit (Promega) and autosomal STR typing using ESSplex SE QS kit (Qiagen). Best parameters to assess skeletal elements that are superior in their DNA preservation were quantity of DNA and number of successfully typed STR loci. Metacarpal and metatarsal bones proved to be the best, followed by intermediate cuneiform, first distal foot phalanx, talus, petrous bone and tibia. We also created elimination database for persons involved in exhumation, anthropological and genetic analyses and exclude potential contamination.  相似文献   
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