论警察的法律意识

公安工作提供的是一种公共产品 ,它不具有竞争性和排他性。警察的法律意识和法律素质问题 ,已成为制约公安工作的重要因素 ,也是人民群众反映强烈的主要问题。我们可以运用社会学、心理学和法学的相关知识 ,对警务人员的法律意识进行重点分析 ,以引起相关部门的注意 ,使公安工作更趋合理和完善     

网络环境下的公安院校宣传工作

网络具有全球性、开放性、即时性等特点。网络环境下,公安院校的宣传工作既面临挑战也迎来契机,公安院校宣传工作应更新观念,开辟网络宣传新途径,丰富宣传工作的内容,加强管理,趋利避害,为我所用,占据主动地位,以提高宣传工作的实效。     

论和谐社会视野下的政府职能体系

构建社会主义和谐社会,是在新形势下提高党的执政能力、贯彻落实科学发展观和推进我国经济社会发展的战略举措。从系统论的角度看,社会系统要实现整体和谐,获得良性的运行和发展,必须构建一个政府职能体系。本文在深入研究政府职能体系结构的基础上,重点论述了如何构建政府职能体系。     

Increasing strategic accountability: a framework for international NGOs

The accountability of international development NGOs (INGOs) has attracted a great deal of interest from academics and development practitioners. INGO accountability falls into two categories: practical accountability (for the use of inputs, the way activities are performed, and outputs) and strategic accountability for INGOs' performance in relation to their mission. This article presents a conceptual framework for exploring INGO accountability. It is based on information collected through a literature review and semi-structured interviews with representatives from 20 UK-based INGOs. The research found that INGOs tend to use a number of quality-assurance mechanisms to achieve ‘practical’ accountability. However, it is suggested that this kind of accountability will not necessarily enable INGOs to achieve their missions to alleviate poverty and eliminate injustice. Furthermore, the predominant use of practical accountability has led to a number of gaps in INGO accountability. It is suggested that, like the term ‘participation’ before it, accountability has been co-opted for its instrumental benefits to INGO project performance and management. It is argued that if INGOs are to achieve their missions, this will require more ‘strategic’ forms of accountability, geared towards fundamentally changing those social, economic, and political structures that promote poverty.     

回归与重构:服务行政在中国的源起

服务行政是与传统的干涉行政截然不同的行政类型,它随着社会经济的发展而形成。对中国而言,1949年后的计划经济体制本身即以对公民和社会的全面负责为己任,但这种全面负责以牺牲个体的主体性为代价,并非行政法意义上的服务行政。因此,服务行政顺理成章地出现于从全能政府回归有限政府的改革过程中。     

民族社会控制系统分析

民族社会控制是民族社会存在和发展的重要保障和前提 ,是一个系统的调控过程 ;民族社会控制主体是个体、群体、组织与国家的有机结合 ,而民族社会控制的对象是民族社会互动、社会结构、社会价值观念 ;民族社会控制的目标是民族社会秩序。它们与控制规范、控制手段共同构成了民族社会控制系统且处在不断的相互作用之中。     

网络安全中的防火墙

全球信息化是人类发展的大趋势。计算机网络已渗透到社会生活的各个领域。由于网络的特性与弊端 ,网络安全问题日益严重。防火墙是一个加强机构网络与因特网之间安全访问的控制系统。虽然防火墙在当今因特网上的存在是很有生命力的 ,但它不能替代墙内的安全措施 ,不是解决网络安全问题的万能药方。     

Violence,fear, and development in Latin America: a critical overview

This introduction presents the core concepts that shape this special issue on the impact of violence and the processes of development in Central and South America. The understanding of development is considered in terms broader than the economic context alone, in order to assess wider social and political aspects. With a similarly expansive scope, forms of violence are addressed that range from direct physical harm and bodily attack to the often more subtle aggression of racialised abuse or the pressures on community-centred production from dominant market forces. In these contexts, violence, economic initiatives, and political allegiances form unintended and often dangerous networks of consequence for development matters. All the articles in this volume exemplify further the spatial environments of violence and diverse ‘landscapes of fear’ that shape our existence and help to define our actions, territories, and understanding of what happens around us.     

Social capital

In parallel with, and as a complement to, globalisation, ‘social capital’ has enjoyed a meteoric rise across the social sciences over the last two decades. Not surprisingly, it has been particularly prominent across development studies, not least through heavy promotion by the World Bank. As a concept, though, as has been argued persistently by a minority critical literature, social capital is fundamentally flawed. Although capable of addressing almost anything designated as social, it has tended to neglect the state, class, power, and conflict. As a buzzword, it has heavily constrained the currently progressive departure from the extremes of neo-liberalism and post-modernism at a time of extremely aggressive assault by economics imperialism. Social capital should not be ignored but contested – and rejected.     

Citizenship: a perverse confluence

This article discusses the different meanings that citizenship has assumed in Latin America in the past few decades. Its main argument is that, in the perverse confluence between neo-liberal and democratic participatory projects, the common reference to citizenship, used by different political actors, projects an apparent homogeneity, obscuring differences and diluting the conflict between those projects.