论颅像重合技术在命案侦破中的作用

颅像重合鉴定结果对案件的侦破起着关键的作用。在众多的人群中存在两个颅骨在生理结构上,各相应点的位置完全相同的概率很低,其相同的可能性几乎不存在,使颅像重合用于对无名尸身源的个体识别成为可能。     

数码相片和传统相片的比较研究

视听资料作为《刑事诉讼法》和《民事诉讼法》所规定的七种证据形式中的一种,而数字图像又是视听资料的一类,在办案和诉讼活动中起着举足轻重的作用。本文主要就数码相片与传统相片的本质区别及其相关问题进行了比较研究。     

日本传统韵文学的光点:俳句影响下的庞德意象诗文艺理论

美国诗人庞德谙悉古今,善于旁征博引,撷取各民族文化之长为己所用。他的诗歌理论在很多方面得益于东方文化,其中借鉴吸收了日本俳句诗写作的结构特点。20世纪初,在日本热风靡西方的背景下,庞德开始和日本文化结缘,而后,他创作出一些类俳句诗,并以此为启发创建了"叠合理论"的新文艺理论,而这也正是庞德实用主义思想和日本俳句结合衍生发展变化的结果。虽然庞德对日本俳句的了解并不透彻,但是他以日本俳句为启发而开创的意象派新诗运动给东西方文化交流带来的深远影响却不容忽视。     

Skeletal height reconstruction from measurements of the skull in indigenous South Africans

Stature reconstruction is important as it provides a forensic anthropological estimate of the height of a person in the living state; playing a vital role in the identification of individuals from their skeletal remains. Regression formulae for stature estimation have been generated for indigenous South Africans based on measurements of long bones of upper and lower extremities and the calcaneus. Since these bones are not always available for forensic analysis, it became necessary to use other bones such as the skull for stature estimation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of certain measurements of the skull of indigenous South Africans in the estimation of adult stature. Ninety-nine complete skeletons obtained from the Raymond A. Dart Collection, School of Anatomical Sciences of the University of the Witwatersrand, were used. Total skeletal height (TSH) was calculated for each skeleton using the Fully's (anatomical) method. Furthermore, six variables were measured on each skull. TSH was regressed onto these cranial measurements in order to obtain regression formulae. The correlation coefficients obtained ranged between 0.40 and 0.54. The range of the standard errors of estimate from the current study (4.37 and 6.24) is high in comparison to that obtained for stature estimation based on intact long bones and the calcaneus. Therefore, the equations presented in this study should be used with caution in forensic cases when only the skull is available for human identification.     

中国汉族成人颅骨CT片同一认定方法的研究

目的建立对中国汉族成人颅骨CT片进行同一认定的方法。方法按照纳入标准收集100例中国汉族成人颅骨CT片，对确定的识别指标进行观察和测量，对各指标的观测结果进行分类编码，然后按观测顺序编制特异的12位颅骨CT片识别编码。运用SPSS13．0统计学软件对所得数据进行各指标年龄和性别差异的统计学分析，利用个人识别能力公式计算单个指标和总体指标的个人识别能力。结果12项识别指标中有6个指标存在男女性别差异；12项指标累计个人识别能力可达到99．9997997％。结论本文确定中国汉族成人颅骨CT片12项观测指标，利用指标分类编码法可进行中国汉族成人颅骨CT片的同一认定。     

我国无证搜查制度法理之构建——《刑事诉讼法》第111条第二款质疑

《刑事诉讼法》第111条第二款"在执行逮捕、拘留的时候,遇有紧急情况,不另用搜查证也可以进行搜查"的规定,含义比较模糊,可作"重叠式"和"并列式"两种理解。从目前实务运作和立法用语表达习惯来看,"重叠式"理解比"并列式"理解合理。但如果作"重叠式"理解,第二款在三个方面违背了有关搜查制度预设的基本法理。构建我国无证搜查制度的基本法理,对抑止搜查权力滥用和发挥搜查权力的应有效能势所必然。应明确无证搜查的种类,同时将必要性要件、可能性要件和适度性要件作为无证搜查合法实施的构成要件及认定标准。     

颅骨骨折断面细微结构的观察研究

作者利用扫描电子显微镜,对颅骨骨折断面上微细结构的形态学特征进行了观察与研究,发现在颅骨骨折断面上有微细的骨折裂线,向断面深部的骨质中延伸,其宽度为5至100um不等,主要分布在颅骨外板内,或外板与板障的交界处.分布于板障内的微细裂线可造成骨小梁横行、纵行和螺旋形骨折.骨折时,骨基质中的胶原纤维束可被分离或断裂,各胶原纤维层可分开.骨内血管可被骨折裂线横断或纵形撕裂,损伤的血管可被从哈佛氏管中拉出.生前骨折时,在微细裂线的深方可清楚见到纤维蛋白网和红细胞相互粘集,死后骨折则未见到此现象.本文还探讨了颅骨骨折发生的机理和推断生前骨折的可能性.     

Identification of skull from its suture pattern

The examination of 320 skulls collected at random revealed that the ectocranial suture patterns in them are highly individualistic and that no two skulls can ever have an identical pattern. The possibility of these suture patterns being recorded incidentally in routine diagnostic skull radiographs was verified by examining the skull skiagrams preserved in radiology departments. A positive method of identification of the skull is suggested by the comparison of radiographic with visible skull suture pattern.     

Computer-assisted skull identification system using video superimposition

This system consists of two main units, namely a video superimposition system and a computer-assisted skull identification system. The video superimposition system is comprised of the following five parts: a skull-positioning box having a monochrome CCD camera, a photo-stand having a color CCD camera, a video image mixing device, a TV monitor and a videotape recorder. The computer-assisted skull identification system is composed of a host computer including our original application software, a film recorder and a color printer. After the determination of the orientation and size of the skull to those of the facial photograph using the video superimposition system, the skull and facial photograph images are digitized and stored within the computer, and then both digitized images are superimposed on the monitor. For the assessment of anatomical consistency between the digitized skull and face, the distance between the landmarks and the thickness of soft tissue of the anthropometrical points are semi-automatically measured on the monitor. The wipe images facilitates the comparison of positional relationships between the digitized skull and face. The software includes the polynomial functions and Fourier harmonic analysis for evaluating the match of the outline such as the forehead and mandibular line in both the digitized images.     

试论婚纱照多余毛片的所有权归属

由于肖像权和著作权共同存在于同一张婚纱照多余毛片上,影楼和顾客便因为主张多余毛片的所有权发生了冲突。但由于肖像权是民法规定的一种人身权利,也是自然人的基本权利之一,而著作权毕竟是一种人身权派生出来的权利,其行使不应侵犯基本的人身权。因此,著作权无力对抗肖像权,对顾客肖像权的保护,要优于对影楼著作权的保护。其法律后果是顾客因肖像权而直接取得对婚纱照多余毛片的所有权。