What do forensic analysts consider relevant to their decision making?

In response to research demonstrating that irrelevant contextual information can bias forensic science analyses, authorities have increasingly urged laboratories to limit analysts' access to irrelevant and potentially biasing information (Dror and Cole (2010) [3]; National Academy of Sciences (2009) [18]; President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (2016) [22]; UK Forensic Science Regulator (2015) [26]). However, a great challenge in implementing this reform is determining which information is task-relevant and which is task-irrelevant. In the current study, we surveyed 183 forensic analysts to examine what they consider relevant versus irrelevant in their forensic analyses. Results revealed that analysts generally do not regard information regarding the suspect or victim as essential to their analytic tasks. However, there was significant variability among analysts within and between disciplines. Findings suggest that forensic science disciplines need to agree on what they regard as task-relevant before context management procedures can be properly implemented. The lack of consensus about what is relevant information not only leaves room for biasing information, but also reveals foundational gaps in what analysts consider crucial in forensic decision making.     

道路交通事故责任归责原则的演进与《道路交通安全法》第76条

20世纪以来尤其是二战以后,汽车成为大众的普通代步工具,交通事故逐渐成为最常见的一种人身伤害事故。各国立法者开始高度注意道路交通事故的民事赔偿问题,逐步建立起过错推定、无过错责任或严格责任的归责原则。《道路交通安全法》第76条确立了一个归责原则体系,对于不同情况下的责任承担适用不同的归责原则。这样的规定最有利于保护受害人,同时也不至于让加害人承担过重的赔偿责任;同时,设立机动车第三者责任险意义重大。     

步巡盘查战术演练中常见问题及其对策

近年来我国各地暴力袭警案件时有发生,综合分析这些已发生的暴力袭警案件,多数因公安民警在执行清查、盘查、检查和缉捕等警务活动中防范、控制不当而造成的。因此,在平时对公安民警进行的盘查战术演练中,应进一步增强基层民警临战意识,提高民警安全防范能力,坚决贯彻依法、合理、有效使用武器的指导思想,尽快加强和提高基层民警警务战术的实战能力,避免不必要的伤亡事故。     

总结历史经验坚定社会主义信念

正确评价社会主义实践，是坚定社会主义信念的必要前提；正确分析苏东剧变的根本原因．有利于坚定社会主义的必胜信念：正确理解社会主义必然代替资本主义的客观规律．则是坚定社会主义信念的理论基础。     

海口市交通状况与交通拥挤的研究

通过分析海口市的路网结构和交通流的特性,提出了交通拥挤评价的标准,根据评价的结论对海口市的路网提出改善措施,并介绍了重点路口的改善对策。     

A NEW LOOK AT AN OLD ISSUE:

In 1997, the Office of Child Support Enforcement initiated the State Child Access and Visitation (AV) Grant Program, which involves annual awards of $10 million to states to promote the development of programs to alleviate access problems. Telephone interviews with 970 parents who used mediation, parent education, and supervised visitation programs funded by AV grants in nine states revealed that the programs are reaching diverse groups of parents including many low-income, non-White, and unmarried parents who receive no other type of access assistance. The programs also appear to be achieving the major objectives posited for them by the federal government. One-third to one-half of noncustodial parents in every program type reported that parent–child contact increased following program participation, with supervised visitation users who typically had the lowest levels of parent–child contact reporting a significant increase in the number of days of contact. A review of child support records for 173 program users in three states revealed that child support payments increased among participants following program participation, especially for never-married parents who paid a significantly higher proportion of what they owed. These findings are similar to results reported in a five-state study of mediation programs funded by AV grants that was conducted by the Office of the Inspector General. However, both studies have some serious limitations, including low response rates and the absence of a nontreatment comparison group.     

交通肇事罪中四种"逃逸"行为之认定

交通肇事后逃逸是交通肇事罪中的多发现象 ,为刑事司法与理论关注的焦点。但是在不同情况下 ,“逃逸”的刑法意义并不相同 ,刑法第 1 3 3条和 2 0 0 0年 1 1月 1 0日通过的《最高人民法院关于审理交通肇事刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》中 ,总共包括了四种情形的“逃逸” ,分清这几种情况下的“逃逸” ,对司法实践具有重要的意义     

解读交通事故认定书

交通事故认定书是依法公正处理道路交通事故程序中的重要组成部分,它具有如下几个方面的特征:文书制作的法定性、不可行政诉讼性、制作者不具有直接公诉性及并非不可否定性。只有正确解读交通事故认定书、充分认识交通事故认定书的特性,才能切实维护道路交通事故各方当事人合的法权益不受侵害、切实维护国家法律之尊严。     

哈巴罗夫斯克边疆区的旅游业正在迅速崛起

哈巴罗夫斯克边疆区旅游业的特点在于出入境旅游和国内旅游同步发展。优越的地理环境为其面向中国、日本和韩国等相邻国家发展入境游创造了良好的条件，也为其发展地区旅游经济打下了坚实的基础。     

移动电话使用与道路交通事故的关系

随着移动通讯事业的迅速发展,开车使用移动电话的人越来越多,与移动电话相关的交通事故也随之增加。本文总结了移动电话对驾驶者的影响和与移动电话相关的交通事故发生的危险因素,并阐述了目前降低与移动电话相关的交通事故发生采取的措施并提出预防相关交通事故发生的对策。