数量扩张型引进外资模式的负面影响及对策

数量扩张型引进外资模式给中国产业成长带来了不可忽视的负面影响。本文对此有针对性地提出对策与建议。     

刑案假象成因论

刑案假象是对案件事实真相歪曲的、虚假的反映，既有把侦查工作引入歧途的一面．又有将侦查工作引向深入的一面，关键问题在于刑案假象能否被侦查人员正确地识别和揭露。在对刑案假象进行深入识别之前，对其形成原因进行分析是十分必要的。刑案假象的成因，按照假象形成主体的不同大致可以分为作案人因素和案件偶然因素。作案人因素主要包括趋利避害心理的驱动、罪责感的影响、侥幸心理的促进和模仿能力的强化，案件偶然因素主要包括无关人员的介入、自然条件的影响和案例周围环境的影响。     

论警察临战错觉

错觉,是在特定条件下产生的对客观事物不正确的知觉。警察临战中也容易产生错觉,警察临战错觉主要是临战理解错觉。错觉阻碍临战警察对临战刺激的正确观察、判断,导致观察、判断失误,从而降低临战效率,甚至临战失败。同时,临战警察还可以创造条件,给犯罪嫌疑人造成错觉,隐蔽自己、麻痹敌人,暴露敌人,为临战服务。     

Risk illusion and organized irresponsibility in contemporary finance: rethinking class and risk society

Abstract

This paper analyzes the lead-up to and aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis to show how processes associated with risk society – the social production and distribution of systemic financial risk in a context of organized irresponsibility – are contributing to the intensification of contemporary class-based inequalities. Utilizing a framework based in Bourdieusian class resources, the analysis moves beyond Beck's rejection of the relevance of class relations to systemic risk, and his critics’ denial that risk transforms existing logics of distribution, to identify key shifts in the relation between contemporary financial risk, power and inequality. The conclusions of this study, showing how systemic financial risk in contexts of organized irresponsibility contributes to differential ‘risk-classes’, suggest that risk is a key source of contemporary inequality and that reconstructing the theory of risk society can illuminate these changes.     

《南柯记》的情节结构与思想表达

《南柯记》将李公佐《南柯太守传》这篇情节离奇的小说改造成为佛教度脱剧,是汤显祖杰出的艺术创造。契玄禅师主动引领,淳于棼被动随缘,整体上呈现出一个度脱剧结构,有情之人与情空成佛是多种戏剧冲突中的主要矛盾,深刻体现了"梦了为觉,情了为佛"的创作主旨。在槐安国这一艺术世界中,真幻相生的总体特征与具体生动的生活细节紧密融合,虚幻剧情创作中始终蕴含着作者的真切感受、现实情怀和理想追求。剧情结构的特点是以插入的副线扭转主线发展方向,剧情设置的特点是迅捷灵动,剧情转换的特点是"突转",以此呈现出"倏来而去"的特定梦幻效果。比较《邯郸记》,长于叙事而稍逊抒情,剧情结构也有头重脚轻、稍欠严密之嫌。     

Fabrications of justice

This paper focuses on false beliefs that create or maintain injustice, particularly those false beliefs held by the unjustly disadvantaged. Those who benefit from injustice may intentionally lead those disadvantaged by unjust distributions, procedures, or interpersonal treatment to believe that no injustice exists, that the injustice is minimal, or that the injustice that exists cannot be reduced. Research on procedural and interactional justice suggests that perceived injustice is reduced where those affected by a decision have an opportunity to offer an opinion (voice) prior to the decision, and where the decision maker offers a justifying account for the decision. False beliefs in control and dignity may be intentionally created by decision makers to perpetuate their unjust advantage. Suggestions are offered to identify the processes through which fabrications of justice have their effects and the situations in which they are most likely to occur.Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the meeting of the International Society of Political Psychology, Secaucus, New Jersey, July 1–5, 1988 and at the International Conference on Social Justice and Societal Problems, Leiden, The Netherlands, August 1–3, 1988. Thanks for their coments on earlier drafts to participants at both events, and to three anonymous reviewers forSocial Justice Research.     

Testing for Fiscal Illusion in Wisconsin Towns

Fiscal illusion, a theory of the impact of government revenue structures on voter decision-making, has been studied extensively by economists and political scientists; however, empirical verification has been limited. This study builds on Lowery's (1987a) work by examining the relationship between suggested illusionary revenues and measures of electoral stress. Here, electoral stress is measured as constituent contacting—one possible measure of voter influence—for local government officials up for re-election. Using a combination of survey data from over 1,000 Wisconsin town board members, audited fiscal data and U.S. Census data, we were able to test for fiscal illusion. Our findings show that when looking at five revenue types (conditional grants, unconditional grants, property taxes, user fees and charges, and debt service) there is some evidence suggesting officials seeking another term in office will tend to support fees and charges as a revenue structure over other structures. Overall, there is little consistent evidence suggesting that elected officials are manipulating revenue structures for electoral gain. Revenue structures are mostly influenced by social and economic factors, such as median household income, population changes, and per capita property valuation.     

Do Electoral Risks Moderate the Effect of Partisan and Electoral Cycles on Debt-Financed Local Spending?

Governments’ use of debt as a political instrument has been widely studied from the perspective of partisan and electoral cycles, mainly concerning central government. On the whole, previous studies have attempted to determine the effects of political ideology and the proximity of elections on the opportunistic use of public spending. The current study aims to broaden the scope of attention to the effect of partisan and electoral cycles on debt, by means of a broader consideration of the motives that lead politicians to take on a deficit and that are usually linked to the associated electoral risk. More particularly, we examine whether, during the electoral period, greater confidence in re-election can modify party behaviour concerning the use of public spending, and if so, whether the change is greater or smaller depending on the ruling party’s ideology. The results obtained show that local administrations need to incur debt, although politicians take on more liability than is appropriate to their demographic and economic characteristics, especially in an election year. It was also found that political stability favours a reduction in the public deficit, a pattern that is maintained in electoral periods. This effect was found to be independent of the partisan cycle.     

抗战时期全球化视野下的中国国际地位

中国抗日战争是世界反法西斯战争的重要组成部分,它为中国确立大国地位提供了历史的契机。尽管战时中国成为世界四大国之一,但它只是“理论上”的大国,并未真正享有与之相称的国际地位。     

论幸福本性

快乐的心理体验是幸福的主观形式 ,是幸福的主观本性 ;人的需求之满足和生存发展之完满则是幸福的客观内容。如果一个人感到快乐而幸福 ,是因为他的需要、欲望、目的得到了真实的实现 ,那么 ,他的快乐的心理体验之幸福的主观形式与他的需要得到实现和生存发展达到完满之幸福的客观内容便都是真实的。幸福的真实性是主观形式与客观内容相一致的本性。反之 ,如果一个人因为他的重大的需要、欲望、目的得到了虚幻的实现 ,那么 ,他的快乐的心理体验之幸福的主观形式与他的重大需要得到实现和生存发展达到完满之幸福的客观内容便是不一致的。因主体不同而不同的幸福是相对的幸福 ;不依主体而转移的幸福是绝对幸福