Protection Against Judicially Compelled Disclosure of the Identity of News Gatherers' Confidential Sources in Common Law Jurisdictions

In many common law liberal democracies today, news gatherers are resisting efforts to use the powers of the courts to compel them to identify their confidential sources. Often the struggles are epic. Often the public interest in effective news gathering fuelling the vitality of a modern liberal democracy is insufficiently recognised. The article uses recent cases to spotlight the shortfalls in the approach and legacy of the common law in dealing with news gatherer/confidential source relationships. Post Human Rights Act English decisions, especially that of Tugendhat J in Ackroyd , combining European style commitment to the public interest in vigorous newsgathering with common law style analysis of evidence, point the way to a more effective approach. US and Hong Kong cases remind news gatherers of their public interest responsibilities.     

“记者比法官有用”现象之我见

“记者比法官有用─天下没有新闻媒介断不了的官司。”这种现象已对法官的威信、法律的威严造成了较大的负面影响。本文针对这种现象形成的原因及其利弊效果作了较为全面深入的分析,并力图端正认识,正确地估计评价新闻舆论监督的作用。     

当代军事新闻人才专业素质刍议

新的时代条件下推进军事新闻全方位改革,需要对军事新闻人才的专业素质进行新的思考和定位。当代军事新闻人才专业素质培养应突出胸怀全局的战略眼光,跨文化传播的意识和能力,隐性达意传播致效的策略与技巧。     

近代日本来华民间报人的文化立场——以新闻传播为视角的考察

近代日本来华民间报人是个值得关注的文化群体。与近代西方来华报人出于宗教或者商业的目的截然有异,日本报人大都秉持着"报纸报国"理念,虽以民间立场相标榜,却有着深厚的官方背景,对政治的介入较比西方报人更深。与近代早期来华那些充当了文化侵略"不自觉的工具"的欧美传教士不同,他们有着清醒的殖民文化意识,主动配合政府的扩张策略和军方的军事行动。作为《盛京时报》的著名主笔和总编,菊池贞二是其中的代表性人物。自身独特的出身、学习经历及其所处的时代背景,造就了菊池贞二式的文化殖民者;浓厚的侵华意识、武力崇拜及孤傲的文人立场,构成了菊池贞二式的文化取向和思想个性,亦成为整个日本侵华报人群体的精神缩影。     

论新闻工作者的现代意识

为适应知识经济时代的要求 ,增强现代意识 ,提高现代素质 ,是新闻队伍建设的当务之急。新闻工作者应解放思想 ,更新观念 ,更新知识 ,努力创新     

Skilled hands,strong spirits: a century of building trade history,by Grace Palladino

When a hired thug hurled acid in the face of the prominent newspaper columnist, Victor Riesel, in 1956, the attack left him permanently blind. The incident appeared to dramatically vindicate Riesel's repeated warnings about the dangerous power of labor racketeers and it helped spur the creation of the largest ever congressional investigation into union corruption, the McClellan Committee hearings (1957–1959). This article raises important questions about the accepted version of why this attack occurred and what it meant. It uses recently released documents from the FBI as well as records from the McClellan Committee's staff. The article also suggests that several governmental bodies, including the FBI and the US Attorney's Office, played a role in furthering the public's misunderstanding of this episode. In so doing it offers a new understanding about how the issue of union corruption came to assume an important place on the nation's political agenda in this era.     

新闻评论的现状及特征

随着中国大陆加入世界贸易组织和网络媒体的迅速发展,新闻评论有了许多新的变化。根据对2002年中国大陆主要媒体新闻评论的全面调查,可以发现其时代特征即新闻评论的分量更重,时效性更强,论题更广泛,指向多元化,监督异地化,形式多样化以及作者队伍的专业化和学者化。     

跨世纪军事记者的素质要求--从江永红军事新闻写作特色谈起

江永红是在改革开放中成长起来的我军新一代军事记者的优秀代表.他的军事新闻采写特色及追求奋斗的历程启示我们军事新闻工作者要有"识为体才为用"的智能结构、"若无新变,不能代雄"的创新精神、"风格也是人"的气质性格,以及怀抱荆山之玉、手握灵蛇之珠的学识修养,这是跨世纪军事新闻工作者走上成功之路的必备素质.     

各国舆论监督的法律保障与伦理约束

从各国法律对舆论监督过程中我们不难发现,利用大众传媒对公共权力滥用导致的腐败行为进行监督,这是世界各国的普遍实践;日新月异的科技令当代传媒穿透力和影响力剧增,也引发了由于监督过程中的偏差所致的种种问题,加之当今各国普遍采纳的市场经济模式,媒体容易受到商业因素的引诱,经常发生侵犯公民个人权益的行为;当今世界,各国纷纷抛弃或显著减少了对媒体的直接行政干预,而代之以强制性的法律调控和专业伦理约束,其中在政府信息公开方面出现了超越两大法系的立法趋势。     

谈谈新时期新闻工作者的职业精神

培养新闻工作者的职业精神主要基于三个方面的迫切需要:一是新闻工作者自身发展的需要,二是满足受众求知欲、求真心理和惩恶扬善的需要,三是传媒提高竞争力的需要。当前新闻工作者职业精神缺失的现象比较突出,原因主要是:传媒经营方向的错位,媒体竞争还不够充分,某些新闻工作者本身素质较低。培养新闻工作者的职业精神应从四个方面入手:强化新闻职业道德教育,完善奖惩机制,严格自律,建立强有力的监督机制。