跨国制药公司发展趋势及政府对策

新世纪初,跨国制药公司生存、经营和竞争环境发生了巨大变化,这些变化促使制药业跨国公司在竞争理念、投资战略、经营战略、研发战略和管理体制等方面进行了相应调整,呈现出新的发展趋势。本文探讨了跨国制药公司发展趋势对我国医药产业的影响,并提出了切实可行的政策建议。     

工会领袖们的困惑:劳动关系面临的挑战

经济全球化向世界各国工会提出严峻挑战,工会必须进行相应变革,重新审视自己的战略目标,建立新的伙伴关系,协调劳资矛盾,以应对经济全球化和跨国公司的挑战。     

Ten years after: revisiting the determinants of the adoption of municipal corporations for local service delivery

Research on the use of municipal corporations to deliver local and regional public services has evolved significantly in the past decade. Most of this work addresses the performance of this service-delivery mode in relation to local bureaucracies. However, much less is known about the drivers for the adoption of municipal corporations in the first place. This article reviews the main determinants of adoption – service characteristics, institutional and regulatory settings, political constraints and financial conditions – and highlights the need for comparative research across countries.     

Trends in Governance in Further Education

Abstract

The governance of further education colleges has two main phases since the passing of the Education Act 1944 – the period when further education colleges were under local authority control and the period from ‘vesting day’ on 1 April 1993 when colleges became incorporated and further education corporations were formed as charities. This review is primarily concerned with the landscape of college governance since 1 April 1993 and draws upon some of the very limited number of research studies into the practice of further education governance. The experience and contribution of the key governance players – chair of the corporation, governors, the principal, the senior staff, the clerk to the corporation – are discussed. Throughout the period since 1993, college governance has operated within a policy framework provided by government and, to a greater or lesser extent, the implementation of those policies by agencies of government. In simple terms, the pattern may seem to be creativity (in the early years), compliance (following some high profile college governance collapses), micro-management (through the Learning and Skills Council years) and now the most open, imaginative phase as the current government encourages the strong colleges to play a bigger part in local education provision. Perhaps now is the time when the experience of college governance to date is able to draw upon its considerable strengths and show what the accumulation of governance capital can achieve.     

关于民营经济发展的制度思考

民营经济对于转型期中国经济的迅速发展发挥着示范和推动作用,不仅在经济增长方式、增长量上体现出来,而且从产权界定、制度创新、交易费用的节约、信息交换的对称、体制运行的一致均衡化等制度因素上发展、完善着中国经济的市场化运作。一个制度向另一个制度转轨的完成,或新的制度替代旧的制度,往往是以新制度规则的确定为标志。建立和巩固民营经济发展的制度基础,并且通过不断的制度创新为其进一步提供良好的整体社会环境和制度安排,对于我国最终实现向市场经济新体制的平衡过渡具有重要意义。     

企业间借贷合同的效力认定及责任承担

企业间借贷合同符合合同法原理,现行政策及有关立法并未一概否定其效力,原有司法解释缺乏法律依据,现已着手修改,并已先行对部分企业之间变相借贷合同的效力予以认可,因此,应确认企业间借贷合同的效力。从经济学上说,利息就是货币的时间价值;在法律上,利息是由作为主债权的金钱债权而产生的法定孳息。因此,在责任承担上,利息的性质决定着在企业间借贷合同中,除本金债权外,利息债权也应予以保护,对此相关判例已经先行一步,期待司法解释能够根据合同法的规定予以明确,以便统一司法尺度。     

试论跨国公司的社会责任

As for international direct investment, the transnational corporations are playing a leading role in the fields of international trade, international investment and international intellectual property. In theory and reality, this authors analyze the rationale of the social responsibilities taken by transnational corporations, the main problems in the social responsibilities of transnational corporations and the legislative status, and put forward the functions of the social responsibilities of transnational corporations in promotion of the legal construction of socialist market economy, the reform of the corporate governance and the development of transnational corporations in China. Wang Chuanli, Professor and Doctoral Supervisor of China University of Political Science and Law, Vice-chairman of China Society of International Economic Law, and Vice-chairman of Research Institute of WTO Law (China Law Society), also Arbitrator of China International Economic & Trade Arbitration Commission and Beijing Arbitration Commission. Her main publications are “The Legal Effectiveness of Foreign Economic Contracts”, “International Trade Law of Sales of Goods”, “International Protection of Intellectual Property Rights” and “International Trade Law Government Control on Business”. Moreover, she has published over ten influential discourses on international economic law. In addition, her ongoing research projects include WTO Agriculture Agreement and the Rules of International Agri-products Trade, WTO and International Core labor Standards, and the Role of Judicial Independence of European Court of Justice to Promote the Integration of Europe.     

吉林省发展基金产业的可行性研究

基金产业作为实体经济发展的发动机,已经成为各个国家和地区金融业发展的重要方向。吉林省在东北亚地区所具有的政策优势、区域优势、产业优势和人才优势,决定了吉林省应率先发展基金产业,建立起东北亚地区基金总部基地、吉林省国际基金管理学院,成立基金行业协会、企业金融服务中心,不仅能拓宽吉林省企业的融资渠道,完善金融市场结构,而且有利于促进吉林省高科技成果产业化,提高经济增长的技术含量,推动经济增长方式的转变,促进自主创新国家战略的有效实施,具有重要的现实意义。     

有限责任公司股权转让制度之重构

有限责任公司股权转让制度在我国现行《公司法》中作了基本的规定,但该规定无论在转让实质要件上、规制对象上,还是在转让形式要件上均存在不足之处,应予重构。     

民营企业绩效考核存在的问题探究

绩效管理是人力资源管理的重要环节,而绩效考核更是其中关键的环节。本文对民营企业绩效考核中存在的问题进行分析,并提出针对性的建议。