From Reset to Restart: The US-Russia Cyclical Relationship in the Post-Cold War Era

ABSTRACT

After a quarter of a century of oscillating relations between Washington and Moscow, Trump’s 2017 National Security Strategy named Russia as one of the main challengers to the US-led order. Power transition theory is used to explain the alternating cooperative and competitive phases during each of the first three post-Cold War US presidencies: first, initial attempts at cooperation are driven by US willingness to integrate its former rival into the liberal order; then, regression into competition follows as Washington’s influence rises in territories that Moscow considers sensitive for its national security.     

贪污贿赂犯罪刑事政策的反思与重构

我国现行的贪污贿赂犯罪刑事政策主要包括 :依法从重从严 ;一要坚决 ,二要慎重 ,务必搞准 ;狠抓大要案 ;打击和预防相结合。经分析 ,这些刑事政策应做如下变动 :“依法从重从严”应调整为“严密法网 ,舒缓刑罚” ;“一要坚决 ,二要慎重 ,务必搞准”的内涵应重新厘定 ;“狠抓大要案”应予以谨慎地保留 ,但不可忽视小案的查办 ;“打击与预防相结合”应明确为“预防为主 ,打击为辅” ,并且应从司法预防为主转变为社会预防为主。     

Military professionalism in post‐communist Hungary and Poland: An analysis and assessment

Abstract

This article discusses Russian perceptions of and attitudes toward the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Russia has historically disliked and mistrusted NATO, seeing it as the primary threat to its international aspirations; in practice Russia pursues a dual policy. Its harsh condemnation of NATO has not stopped it from cooperating in selected areas of mutual interest. The most important among them is support for NATO's military operations in Afghanistan. The recent rejuvenation of relations between the west and Moscow is known as the strategic ‘reset’, meaning a return to diplomatic contacts and limited cooperation regardless of disagreements over the invasion of Georgia and Moscow's other recent international transgressions. The reset in NATO–Russia relations has only tactical significance, however. Cooperation will take place on a limited basis, but a genuine reset in mutual relations must wait for a reset in Russia's political and strategic priorities.     

Forever young: START and aftermath

Abstract

The New Strategic arms reduction treaty nuclear arms control agreement signed by US President, Barack Obama, and Russian President, Dmitry Medvedev, in 2010 is likely to achieve ratification in both Washington and Moscow, but it is too early to break out the champagne or vodka. Even successful ratification of this agreement is, at best, an important but incremental part of the US–Russian policy ‘reset’ and the larger agenda for both states with respect to arms reduction and nonproliferation. Further reductions in both states’ inventories of strategic nuclear weapons are a necessary preface toward credible leadership in stopping the spread of nuclear arms – especially in the looming test cases of Iran and North Korea. In addition, both states have to decipher a policy-strategy nexus for emerging missile defense technologies: in particular, whether missile defenses should be seen as possible means of cooperative security, as between NATO and Russia, or whether they are firewalls in the way of further progress in offensive nuclear arms reductions.     

审查起诉阶段诉讼模式的重构

依据刑事诉讼法律规范的规定,在现阶段,审查起诉阶段的诉讼模式是由检察机关对案件事实与法律适用进行审查,并作出处理决定,而辩方的权利则受到较大的限制,因而该诉讼模式不符合现代诉讼理论的要求,为此,应重新建立由审方参与,扩大辩方权利而形成的控、辩、审三方参与的诉讼模式。     

语言位移与文化变迁——《亚鲁王》中的“龙”“龙心”与心崇拜

在纵向发展与横向传播中,语言与思想经常错位、断裂,产生语言疾病,引发或隐或显的文化变迁。在本为保护传统文化的跨语言记录、整理、传播中,《亚鲁王》中的"rangh""rangx"从苗族传统文化中脱离出来,被翻译为龙,它的心成为"龙心",而它所承载的心崇拜无意间被龙置换。"龙心"的神奇力量虽与奇特的"龙"有关,但主要源自亚鲁王流传区域的心崇拜。心崇拜应与蝴蝶妈妈密切相关,认为心是事物最重要的部分,神奇事物之心往往具有神奇作用。文章力图通过厘清"rangh""rangx"的原初含义、联系其生存场域、挖掘传统文化等途径,探析紫云苗族古老的心崇拜,既加深对亚鲁王的理解,也为探析文化变迁提供了语言学视角,并探寻保护民族传统文化的更好路径。     

关于合同诈骗罪的数额标准评析

合同诈骗罪从普通诈骗罪中分离,其目的在于对利用合同实施诈骗的犯罪行为从重打击,其原因在于一般诈骗罪所侵犯的是公私财产所有权,而合同诈骗罪不仅侵犯了公司财产所有权,更侵犯了市场经济秩序和合同管理制度。然而,在两罪法定刑量刑幅度基本一致的情况下,司法解释和司法解释授权地方制定的合同诈骗罪"数额较大"、"数额巨大"的标准均高于一般诈骗罪的数额标准,导致司法实践中出现同一个合同诈骗行为依合同诈骗罪条款无罪或罪轻,依诈骗罪条款有罪或罪重的悖论。