自我防卫与相互斗殴的刑事司法判定研究——以个案为线索的分析

如何准确认定防卫案件是长久以来司法实践中的一个疑难问题,1997年《刑法》虽对正当防卫制度作出较大修订,但并未根本改变正当防卫制度在司法实践中的适用困境,其原因在于修订着重解决了防卫行为是否过当的问题,但司法实践中的困境在于如何区分自我防卫与相互斗殴。当前司法实践中较为普遍的"起因是否有责"、"防卫是否不得已"的区分标准,虽具有极强的操作性,却过于简单与绝对,未能深入探求案情,甚至与立法精神有一定背离,使得自我防卫案件往往以相互斗殴结案,而这也与犯罪控制的诉讼模式、司法技术限制、文化上的复仇动机等因素有密切关联。     

Case series of completed suicides by burning over a 13-year period

Suicide by burning is an extreme act that is uncommon in the United States and throughout the Western world. The characteristics of people who complete such acts are not well understood. To address this issue, we examined the death records of the King County Medical Examiner's Office in Washington State over the 13 years from 1996 to 2009. Twenty-five cases of suicide by burning were identified and used to characterize decedent demographics, circumstances of death, and motivating factors. Compared to other methods of suicide, burning demonstrated a significant overrepresentation of decedents who were women, 40-59 years of age, and Asian/Pacific Islander. They also tended to have previous psychiatric illness and/or substance abuse issues. Self-burning predominantly occurred at the decedent's residence with the intent of suicide given. There was no unifying theme in motivating factors. Together, these data represent the characteristics of people whose death is because of suicide by burning in King County, Washington.     

走向自我成长型教师培养的高师素质教育

高师素质教育就是要培养在现代教育中具有反思性的不断自我成长的教师，这是对传统师范培养模式的扬弃。自我成长型教师能适应社会与教育的急剧变革，有自信，会反思，能与人沟通、合作，有责任心，具有坚韧不拔、不断超越自我的品质。自我成长型师范培养模式应包括建构性学习、支持性情境的学习以及开放性学习三种类型。这对于重塑师范精神、建构新型的高师教育、提升高师教育品质至关重要。     

Economic incentives for the self-regulation of the release of price-sensitive information

Companies, as primary disseminators of information, and financial institutions, as major recipients, have economic incentives to self-regulate the transmission and usage of price-sensitive information. These include increased (lost) reputation costs and adverse share price penalties arising from poor management of information disclosure. The economic motivation for self-regulation is seen as conceptually linked to but distinct from legislative changes. Self-regulation has the strong support of economic efficiency arguments, whereas recent additional new legislative changes do not. This article examines a major corporate and institutional response to the new regulatory climate—to internalize part of the regulatory process during their regular relationship communications. Relationships between the case companies and institutions already exist for transaction purposes. They are used as a convenient and low-cost means to pursue self-regulation and to avoid errors of price-sensitive information release. This self-regulatory process is illustrated using case material. It is clear from the response pattern presented that the development of a self-regulatory framework by the parties has been an iterative one. The corporate and institutional systems that have been evolving seem to be significantly influenced by the regulatory trends. The regulatory changes appear to have played a role in increasing market costs incurred by those companies with poor stock market communication practices. The article ends by arguing that new proposals to change in the formal regulatory system should recognize that further legislation is unlikely to improve the poor prosecution record. Nevertheless, legislative changes can combine with and buttress the self-regulation process to create an effective regulatory system.     

论公安民警的身体健康及自我保健

一个时期以来,公安民警积劳成疾、英年早逝的事例时有发生,令人痛心。各地调查发现,公安民警身体健康状况不容乐观,已给我们敲响警钟。造成公安民警身体健康出现问题特别是出现积劳成疾的原因很复杂,其中不健康的生活方式和观念是“头号杀手”。健康是生命的基础,健康水平决定生命的质量。作为公安民警自身来说,要改善健康状况,提高生命质量,提升战斗力,必须构建健康的生活方式。