Postmortem Computed Tomography in Firearm Homicides: A Retrospective Case Series,

Postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) is integrated into the evaluation of decedents in several American medical examiner offices and medicolegal death investigative centers in many other countries. We retrospectively investigated the value of PMCT in a series of firearm homicide cases from a statewide centralized medical examiner’s office that occurred during 2016. Autopsies were performed or supervised by board-certified forensic pathologists who reviewed the PMCT scans prior to autopsy. PMCT scans were re-evaluated by a forensic radiologist blinded to the autopsy findings and scored by body region (head–neck, thoracoabdominal, and extremities). Injury discrepancies were scored using a modified Goldman classification and analyzed with McNemar’s test. We included 60 males and 20 females (median age 31 years, range 3–73). Based on PMCT, 56 (79.1%) cases had injuries relevant to the cause of death in a single body region (24 head–neck region, 32 thoracoabdominal region). Out of these 56 cases, 9 had a missed major diagnosis by PMCT outside that region, including 6 extremity injuries visible during standard external examination. Yet all had evident lethal firearm injury. We showed that PMCT identifies major firearm injuries in homicide victims and excludes injuries related to the cause of death in other regions when a single body region is injured. Although PMCT has a known limited sensitivity for soft tissue and vascular pathology, it can be combined with external examination to potentially reduce or focus dissections in some of these cases depending on the circumstances and medicolegal needs.     

古典美学思想在英汉语言中的体现

一般认为,语言能描绘和创造美的人或美的事物是天经地义的事。却很少有人认为,“美”可以反过来影响和创造语言本身。本文根据“‘美’可以反过来影响和创造语言本身”这一命题,从英汉语言的语音、词汇和句法三个层面,去论证,在语言发展的长河中,“美”的的确确影响和创造了语言。     

普通话水平测试的次轻音问题

2004年1月《普通话水平测试实施纲要》中出现“一般轻读、间或重读的音节”,却并未对此进行解释和说明,这给测试员的评分带来了操作上的难度。本文就次轻音与轻声的关系、确定次轻音的依据及测试中如何把握次轻音等问题进行了探讨,以供同行参考。