论“开头”——自然,文章最基本的美学要求

文章的写作已经成为今天知识分子的一种徽章,它能将个人的才华性格体现其间。但是,在商品经济的浸弥之下,文章本身的这种精神取向和价值取向被严重地模糊了,一种公式化、模式化的运作,以及矫情而又夸饰的文风四处弥散,甚至影响了当今知识分子的精神取向和高校的文科教育,其负面效应直接影响人着人们的道德、审美和行为方式及社会价值感受。本文以作文的开头为话题,重新提出文章写作应遵循的最基本的美学要求……自然,以此倡导一种健康的作文之风,从而试图树立起一种高雅的作文及文化的审美观念。     

浅谈绘画中的情感

作画要抒发真感情，则须身心投入，主动地孕育情感，实际上是进入一种痴迷状态，这种状态是有意识地耐心研究和静思的结果。作品中真情的流露是发于性情的。杰出的画家总是用超脱自身的情感去唤起人们深藏着的情感。     

When Terrorism Goes to Sea: Terrorist Organizations and the Move to Maritime Targets

Terrorist groups are often relatively conservative in their choice of strategy, tactics, and targets, and it is worth asking what characteristics are associated with unconventional behavior. In this article we explore the question of why terrorist organizations move to one type of unconventional attack that has been a focus of concern of policymakers in recent years, namely attacks on maritime targets. Through an investigation of the organizational capacity and ideology of terrorist groups that committed maritime attacks between 1998 and 2005, we argue that this kind of violent behavior is driven by capability. Certain organizational characteristics of terrorist groups—territorial control, involvement in the drug trade, organizational size, and connections with other groups—provide groups with the capabilities that make maritime attacks both realistic and desirable. Terrorist groups' ideology—what they believe, and what their goals are—does not have the same impact, with the possible exception of groups affiliated with al-Qaeda. Our findings have implications for future research.     

非常态下的决策

非常规状态下的决策与常规状态下的决策相比有明显不同的特点,在面临的问题及目标取向、所处的条件、决策的程序和决策的效果等方面差异巨大。而在常规型紧急状态、过渡型紧急状态和危机型紧急状态三种情境下,决策的内容也有较大的差异,但三种紧急状态下决策的关键点都是判断,只是判断的内容不尽相同。     

The politics of quantitative easing and housing stimulus by the Federal Reserve and European Central Bank, 2008‒2018

Abstract

Central banks have been important yet underexplored actors in the fight against the Great Recession. In addition to ultra-low interest rates, they adopted large-scale bond-buying programmes known as quantitative easing (QE). Yet there is significant variation in QE programmes with important distributive consequences. Why has the Fed adopted multi-trillion-dollar bond-buying programmes in housing, while the ECB has not? This article argues that the Fed targeted the integrated housing finance market as a monetary transmission strategy to stimulate core elements of the US growth model: credit, demand, and consumption. In contrast, the ECB hardly stimulated housing given the eurozone’s fragmented housing finance markets and the macroeconomic frictions with some eurozone growth models, particularly export-oriented Germany. Analysing archival and interview data, this article traces the decisions of these central banks since the Great Recession, contributing to scholarship on the politics of central banking, economic policy in hard times, and the welfare state.     

Understanding young citizens’ political participation in Turkey: does ‘being young’ matter?

Participation is key to the discussions of democracy and justice. For all citizens, no matter their differences, having the ability to participate is a difficult but required condition for a just and democratic political community. Based on the recent research on citizenship in Turkey, this article aims to explore, first, whether young citizens’ political participation shows a different pattern when compared to the rest of the population and, second, whether being young still determines the outcome when controlled for demographical factors and economic status. We then question whether belonging to different collective identities plays a different role in the way young citizens participate, and how. Last, mostly focusing on young citizens’ perceptions of the Gezi Park protests, the paper will discuss the role of politicized collective identities in the formation of conventional and unconventional political participation.