论失踪损害赔偿之诉的法律适用——以马航客机失踪事件切入

自然人的失踪通常都会给其近亲属造成严重的精神损害和一定的财产损害,依据我国法律现有规定及其解释,在失踪是因可归责于他人的事由所致时,失踪者近亲属应独立享有对相关责任人的损害赔偿请求权。肯定此类损害赔偿请求权,不仅符合分配正义原则,而且能更好地实现权益保护与行为自由的平衡。在单纯的失踪损害赔偿之诉中,失踪者近亲属可以请求赔偿精神损害、寻亲费用和扶养费损失等,在失踪者已被宣告死亡时,还可请求死亡赔偿金。

The Application of Law to Missing Person Action

The article discusses the legal application problems involved in the missing person action which is a lawsuit brought by the relatives of missing person against the person who should be responsible for the disappearance of the missing person. According to the relevant provisions of Chinese laws and its interpretation,when the missing is caused by the others,the relatives of missing person have a right to reparation from the person who should be responsible for the disappearance of the missing person. It is accorded with the requirements of the principle of distributive justice to recognize this right; moreover,this recognition is a requirement to achieve a better balance between protection of rights and freedom to act. In case of simple missing person action,relatives of missing person shall be entitled to require compensation for moral damage and the reasonable costs and expenses for searching the missing person,the person whom the missing person maintained shall be entitled to require compensation for loss of maintenance. Where the missing person has been declared dead by court,relatives of missing person shall be entitled to require the death compensation.