法官阐明立法规定之历史沿革及启示--以德国、美国为中心的考察

法官阐明作为市场经济条件下民事诉讼的重要法律制度有其产生、发展和变化的过程。本文对以德、美为代表的世界两大法系主要国家有关法官阐明立法规定之历史沿革作了回顾性的论述 ,尤其把法官阐明理论引向普通法系国家找出与之对应的规定是富有价值的 ,改变了过去一些人关于法官阐明理论和实践仅仅属于大陆法系国家独有现象的传统认识。并在此基础上 ,分析提出了法官阐明基本内涵、理论基础及其变化等 ,启示并建议我们在构建这项制度时 ,应以当事人自主和法官职权之间的关系为核心 ,既要借鉴其基本内涵 ,又不必拘泥于它的原来模样 ,使其符合中国国情。

Historical Evolution of the Legislative Stipulation on Judge's illuminations and Its Enlightenments--A Germany- and- US - Centered Review

Judge's illumination, as an important legal system of the civil procedure under the market economy, has experienced its creation, development and changes. First, we look back the historical evolution of the legislative stipulation on Judge's illuminations in some nations, represented by Germany and US respectively under the two main legal systems. And then we draw the subject further to the Common Law legal family to find out the corresponding parts. Based on it, we put forward the basic definition, theoretical foundation, and trends and developments, etc. about Judge's illuminations, which inspire us to focus on the relationship between the independence of the party involved and the authority of the judge when establishing the system, at the same time we should not only refer to its essential meaning but also rigidly adhere to its original, thus to make it accord with the situation in China.