韩国的外交困境:一个概括性框架的解读

近年来,韩国外交面临着一种两难选择的困境。通过对60余年来韩国外交历程的梳理,我们可以发现以政权存续为主要目标的安保外交时期,这种困境是不存在的;而进入冷战后的统一外交时期之后,韩国在包括对美外交与对朝外交、和平外交与统一外交、同盟外交与均衡外交等一系列问题的处理原则上在全社会(包括政治精英和社会大众)还没有形成广泛而稳定的共识,从而使韩国的对外政策在近年来表现出随着政府的换届而不断摇摆、缺乏稳定性的特征,整体反映出韩国在处理朝韩关系及统一问题上的不自信。韩国只有在这些重大的外交原则问题上形成广泛而稳定的共识才有可能摆脱目前的困境,进一步推进统一外交的进程。

The Dilemma of Korea’s Diplomacy:Understanding through a General Framework

Korea has been confronted with a diplomatic dilemma in recent years.Through reviewing Korea’s diplomatic course of the past more than 60 years,we could find that the dilemma didn’t exist in the Security Diplomacy period when the main goal was to maintain regime existence.However,in the period of Unification Diplomacy,namely after the start of the Cold War,there is no extensive and stable consensus on foreign principles among the whole Korean society when dealing with issues such as diplomacies with America and DPRK,Peace Diplomacy and Unification Diplomacy,Alliance Diplomacy and Balance Diplomacy,and etc.Therefore,the foreign policy of Korea has been swing-like along with the change of government,which also indicates the doubts of Korea when dealing with DPRK and the problems of unification.Only by forming extensive and stable consensus on dominant foreign principles can Korea get rid of the current predicament and advance the Unification Diplomacy further.