“首次不罚”制度的法理思考——兼谈行政执法方式的完善

“首次不罚”制度得以合理存在的界域主要是制度实施的必要性与目的设定方面,其实质是将法律赋予执法主体的自由裁量权主动降低为零,但制度本身设计存在很大的不确定性,降低了执法主体的权威性,打破了法律上的平衡,并存在逆向选择的危险,其预期效果并不理想。只有在行政执法工作中坚持执法的原则性,讲究执法的艺术性,增加执法的服务性,方能达致“首次不罚”制度必要性与可行性的有机结合,实现制度设计的初衷。

On no Punishment to First Violation System

The essence of No Punishment to First Violation System is to eliminate the discretional power granted by law to administrative subjects.But the system itself is not definitely designed,which severely decrease the authority hold by administrative subjects,breaking the balance of law,suggesting that the desired result does not come.Only by insisting on the rule of law enforcement,pursuing the artistry and increasing the service quality of law enforcement,can we combine both the necessity and feasibility of No Punishment to First Violation System,implementing the intended purpose of this system.