论俄国早期的反酗酒运动

1861年废除农奴制后,酒类专卖制度很快被取消,非法酿酒猖獗,酒价下降,俄国农村酗酒现象愈趋严重。20世纪初期俄国的欧洲部分掀起了反酗酒运动,与80年代戈尔巴乔夫发起的反酗酒运动不同的是:1.沙俄政府明反暗不反;2.村社反酗酒运动效果不佳;3.农村青年自发组织禁酒协会并联合社会各界开展反酗酒运动,取得了阶段性胜利。早期的反酗酒运动带动了农村文化建设,并为全俄农村文明的提升做出了贡献。

ON RUSSIAN EARLY MOVEMENT AGAINST EXCESSIVE DRINKING

After abolition of slavery in 1861,alcohol-monopolized system was cancelled,illegal brewing ran wild,alcohol price went down,and excessive drinking in the rural area became serious.In the early century,the Russian European started a movement against the drinking.The difference from the movement launched by Gorbachev is that the government of Czar opposed drinding publicly,but not privately,the movement in the rural area didn't get a desirable result,the youth of countryside spontaneously organized"Ban-on-alcohol Society" and allied themselves with all the levels of society to fight against the excessive drinking and made a periodical progress.The early ban-on-alcohol movement promoted the development of rural oulture and made contribution to the rise of civilization of the whole Russian country.