Consultants, depoliticization and arena-shifting in the policy process: privatizing water in Berlin |
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Authors: | Ross Beveridge |
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Institution: | (1) Department for Institutional Change and Regional Public Goods, Leibniz Institute for Regional Development and Structural Planning (IRS), Flakenstra?e 28-31, 15537 Erkner, Germany |
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Abstract: | This paper examines the effects of the growing presence of management consultants in policy processes. In particular, it addresses
the key concern that consultants employed by governments often operate in new institutional arrangements not subject to the
formal rules of political systems. Their activities, often secretive, are seen to undermine the democratic legitimacy of political
decision-making. Despite the significance of these concerns there is still a lack of conceptual and empirical research on
these topics. Addressing this gap, the paper first seeks to begin a more conceptual discussion about the role of consultants
and “governance”. Turning to the literature on depoliticization in public policy, and following Flinders and Buller (Br Polit
1(3):293–318, 2006), it is argued that the hiring of consultants should be seen not as a move from political to apparently neutral, expert forms
of policy-making, but as a shift in the arena of political decision-making. Such shifts can contribute to the emergence of what Hajer (Policy Sci 36(2):175–195, 2003a) calls the “institutional voids” of governance: the emergence of ad hoc political spaces in which the rules and outcomes
of policy-making are unclear. It is argued that these ad hoc spaces may work to undermine the traditional institutions of
political systems without providing an alternative form of democratic legitimacy. The paper examines these issues with reference
to a case study of consultants working for the Berlin government on the privatization of the Berlin Water Company in 1999.
It concludes by reflecting on the usefulness of the arena-shifting notion and outlining areas for future research. |
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