刑事错案成因的心理学分析与对策探究

从心理学的角度进行分析,不难发现错误辨认、确证偏见和心理暗示是目前刑事错案的主要成因,这为我们减少错案的发生提供了理论和实践依据。通过完善无罪推定原则和确定侦查讯问中的录音录像、律师在场制度,明确辨认与质证的相关规则,以及建立理性的司法人员绩效考核机制和完善诉讼构造,可以最大限度地降低错案发生的几率。

A Psychological Analysis of the Causes of Misjudged Criminal Cases and Research on its Countermeasures

Analyzing from the angle of psychology,it is obvious that inaccurate identification,biased corroboration and psychological implication are the main causes of current misjudged criminal cases,which provides us with theoretical and practical gist in reducing occurrence of such cases.The occurrence rate of such cases can be greatly reduced by improving the doctrine of the presumption of innocence,ensuring the rules concerning the presence of voice and video records,as well as lawyers during interrogations,clearly defining the relative rules in identification and cross-examination,setting up a rational assessment system for judiciary personnel,and perfecting the structure of litigation.