农民工城市融合概念及对城市感知关系的影响——基于上海农民工的调查研究

数以亿计的农民工和谐融入城市是当前以及未来中国社会发展中的重大问题。为了研究文化融合、经济融合、政治融合和社会融合等诸方面的因素是如何影响农民工对城市的感知关系水平的,基于2010年在沪农民工的问卷调查数据,考察了农民工城市融合诸因素对城市感知关系(生活满意度、认同度、未来发展意愿)的影响。发现:文化融合程度越高,农民工对上海的认同程度就越高,也会更愿意留在上海发展,但其生活满意度未必越高;经济融合程度越高,城市生活满意度、城市认同度和未来留在上海发展的意愿都越高;政治融合只对未来发展意愿有影响;社会融合越高,农民工对城市的认同度越高,对生活也越满意。研究为政府引导和促进农民工和谐融入城市提供了新的视角。

Concept of Urban Integration of Chinese Migrant Workers and Its Effect on Perceived Relationship:A Survey in Shanghai

The objective of this paper is to investigate how the four dimensions of factors (culture integration, economic integration, political integration and social integration) influence migrant workers’ perception of city life. This paper employed a survey on various factors related to migrant workers’ urban integration which was conducted on 1230 migrant workers in Shanghai in 2010. The analysis, based on the survey data, reveals that the more migrant workers are culturally integrated, the more they are identified with Shanghai and would like to stay. However, cultural integration has no significant effect on the degree of satisfaction of urban life. Economic integration is positive to all three aspects of relationship between migrant worker and the city. Political integration is only relevant to willingness to stay. Higher degree of social integration implies higher degree of city identification and higher degree of satisfaction of urban life; and different level of integration regarding to different aspects will show a different influencing patterns towards relationship perception of urban cities for migrant workers. The key limitation of the study is that it focuses solely on the migrant workers in Shanghai. Whether similar results hold for other cities is an interesting issue for future study. The results in this study suggest that to facilitate and prompt the harmonious integration of migrant workers into cities, the government need to not only take measures to raise migrant workers’ income level, but also create platforms and opportunities for the communications and interactions between migrant workers and local residents. By examining the migrant workers’ urbanization issue from the new perspective of city life perception, this article proposes decomposing the relevant factors into four dimensions and investigates the relationship using linear regression and probit regression techniques with a recently collected survey data. The uniqueness of analytical framework, methodology and data renders insightful policy recommendations.