跨界水的利用和保护应遵循的原则

当今世界水资源日益匮乏,而人类对水资源的需求与日俱增,各国、各地区和各利益团体围绕跨界水资源的争论日趋激烈,迄今未达成任何生效的关于跨国水域非航行利用的普遍性公约。跨界水资源的利用和保护问题已成为一个战略问题乃至政治问题。本文从现有的处理跨界水的国际条约、协定和规则出发,尝试提出国际上解决跨界水的利用和保护问题时应普遍遵循的几大原则,即公平合理原则、不造成重大损害原则、国际合作原则等,供有关方解决跨界水问题时参考。

A Basic Analysis on the Principles Guiding the Use and Protection of International Water

In today's world,water resources are in scare supply day by day,while there is greater demand for water and fiercer disputes among the relevant agents.So far there is not any comprehensive convention concerning the non-navigational uses of international water.So the use and protection of international waters has become a strategic and even a political problem.This article,based on the currently effective international treaties,agreements and regulations concerning the use and protection of international water,tries to sum up a few basic principles in this regard,such as the principle of equitableness and reasonableness,principle of not causing significant harm,principle of international cooperation,and so on,so as to give suggestions for those who try to solve disputes concerning international waters.