三聚氰胺对小鼠的致突变及致畸作用

选用昆明种小白鼠为研究对象,进行了三聚氰胺微核试验、精子畸形试验及致畸胎试验,以评价其致突变及致畸作用。结果显示,三聚氰胺在295.87～1 479.35mg/kg剂量范围内,小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率及PCE/NCE比值与阴性对照组无差异性(P>0.05);三聚氰胺中剂量组(591.74mg/kg)和高剂量组(1 479.35mg/kg)小鼠精子畸形率显著高于阴性对照组(P<0.05),精子畸形类型以折尾为主;三聚氰胺在19.72～98.62mg/kg剂量范围内,对孕鼠的生殖机能以及胎鼠的生长发育、外观、骨骼和内脏畸形无影响。结果表明,在本试验设计的剂量范围内,三聚氰胺无骨髓细胞毒性及致突变作用,对小鼠无胚胎毒性及致畸作用,但有精子致畸作用。

Mutagenic and teratogenic effects of melamine on Kunming mice

To evaluate the effects of melamine on mutagenesis and teratogenicity,Kunming mice were used as a model to study micronucleus test,sperm abnormality test and teratogenicity test in this study.The results showed that when mice were administered with melamine at 295.87 to 1479.35mg/kg,no significant differences were observed for the micronucleus frequency of mice’s bone marrow PCE cells and ratios of PCE/NCE between the melamine groups and the negative group(P>0.05). The sperm abnormality rates were significantly higher in the middle melamine group(591.74mg/kg) or in the high melamine group(1479.35mg/kg) than that in the negative control group(P<0.05),and folding tail was main type of the sperm abnormality. Melamine doses ranging from 19.72 to 98.62mg/kg,had no influences on the reproductive performance of dams,physical development of fetuses,or teratogenic effects on the appearances,bones and organs of the fetuses.In conclusion,melamine had no bone marrow toxicity and mutagenic effects,embryonic toxicity and teratogenicity on fetuses.However,it had significant sperm abnormalities effects within the dose ranges tested.