论邻地通行权

邻地通行权是指土地权利人(被围绕地人)在与公路(或通路)无正常(适宜)的联络、导致不能为通常的使用时,得请求相邻土地的权利人(周围地人、围绕地人)容忍自己于必要范围内通行的权利。法特性上其属于不动产相邻关系法系统中的法定权利,相应地乃是对通行地(周围地、围绕地)人不动产土地权利的限制。大陆法与英美法各国家和地区民法大多有此制度或规则的明文。我国《民法典》第291条确立了相邻关系通行权,然其完整的法理、学理、构成要件以及法律效果等的解释论系统尚付阙如,应予以构建或释明,期冀《民法典》的该规则可切实地作用于我国的社会生活与法律实践。

On the Right of Way on Adjacent Land

The right of way on adjacent land is the right of a landowner(owner of the land surrounded) may request the adjacent landowner(owner of the surrounding land) to tolerate his passing within the necessary limits when he has no normal(appropriate) contact with a road(or passage) and making it impossible for normal use. In legal character, it is a legal right of adjacent real estate law system, correspondingly a limitation on the right of adjacent real estate land owner(owner of the surrounding land). Most civil laws of both civil law and common law countries and regions have explicit provisions of this system or rule. Although Article 291 of PRC Civil Code establishes the right of passing for neighboring relations, its complete explanatory theory of jurisprudence, academic theory, components and effect of law is still lacking and should be constructed or explained, thereby expecting that the rules in the Civil Code can effectively play a role in the social life and legal practice of our country.